Hong Moon-Gi, Song Eun-Ji, Yoon Hye Jin, Chung Won-Hyong, Seo Hae Yeong, Kim Dohak, Lee Dokyung, Seo Jae-Gu, Lee Hayoung, Kim Seung Il, Kim Gwang Joong, Kim Kil-Nam, Lee Sang-Nam, Kim Kwang Soon, Nam Young-Do
R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea.
Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 19;16(1):2708. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-57631-x.
Akkermansia muciniphila, a promising candidate for next-generation probiotics, exhibits significant genomic diversity, classified into several distinct clades (AmI to AmIV). Notably, a single Akkermansia clade tends to predominate within individual hosts, with co-occurrence of different clades being rare. The mechanisms driving such clade-specific exclusion remain unclear. Here, we show that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from AmII clade inhibit the growth of clade I (AmI), conferring a competitive advantage to AmII. Moreover, we observe clade-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses, where AmII clade-specific IgAs, induced by EVs from AmII, facilitate niche occupancy and competitive exclusion of AmI. These findings provide insights into the competitive dynamics of A. muciniphila clades and suggest that future personalized microbiome interventions could be optimized by considering the clade composition of A. muciniphila in individual hosts.
嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌是下一代益生菌的一个有前景的候选菌株，表现出显著的基因组多样性，被分为几个不同的进化枝（AmI至AmIV）。值得注意的是，单个阿克曼氏菌进化枝往往在个体宿主中占主导地位，不同进化枝同时出现的情况很少见。驱动这种进化枝特异性排斥的机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明源自AmII进化枝的细胞外囊泡（EVs）抑制进化枝I（AmI）的生长，赋予AmII竞争优势。此外，我们观察到进化枝特异性免疫球蛋白A（IgA）反应，其中由AmII的EVs诱导的AmII进化枝特异性IgA促进了生态位占据和对AmI的竞争排斥。这些发现为嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌进化枝的竞争动态提供了见解，并表明未来的个性化微生物组干预可以通过考虑个体宿主中嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌的进化枝组成来优化。
