Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India, 176 062.
Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India, 176 062.
Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Apr 7;194(5):332. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-09992-9.
This study was aimed to determine pesticides concentrations in fresh vegetables and assess human health risks in North-Western Himalayan region of India. Vegetable samples (n = 300) collected randomly from different agro-climatic zones were analyzed for 19 pesticides using gas chromatography. Pesticide residues were detected in 116 samples, of which 49 samples exceeded maximum permissible limits established by European Commission. Hexaconazole was most frequently detected in 9.3% samples followed by aldrin (8.3%), alachlor (5.3%), bifenthrin (4.3%), chlorpyrifos (3.7%), metribuzin (2.7%), β-endosulfan, ethion, β-HCH (2%, each), γ-HCH (1.3%), α-HCH, δ-HCH, malathion, heptachlor (1%, each), and α-endosulfan, pendimethalin in 0.7% samples. Human health risk assessment revealed that the percent contribution to acceptable daily intakes of pesticides via dietary intake of vegetables ranged from 0.014 to 39.4% in children and 0.003 to 9.85% in adults. Although hazard index values were < 1 but considering the concentrations of detected pesticide in samples, children were found to be at more risk. Since pragmatic investigations on occurrence of pesticides in vegetables and human health risk assessment from study area have not yet been worked out, so, this study highlights the importance of adopting good agricultural practices, awareness on food safety, monitoring of harmful chemicals in food commodities, and execution of food safety regulations to safeguard environmental and human health.
本研究旨在测定印度喜马拉雅山西北部新鲜蔬菜中的农药浓度，并评估其对人体健康的风险。从不同农业气候区随机采集 300 个蔬菜样本，使用气相色谱法分析了 19 种农药。在 116 个样本中检测到农药残留，其中 49 个样本超过了欧洲委员会规定的最大允许限量。在 9.3%的样本中最常检测到六氯环己烷，其次是艾氏剂（8.3%）、甲草胺（5.3%）、联苯菊酯（4.3%）、毒死蜱（3.7%）、二甲戊灵（2.7%）、β-硫丹、乙硫磷、β-六氯环己烷（各 2%）、γ-六氯环己烷（1.3%）、α-六氯环己烷、δ-六氯环己烷、马拉硫磷、七氯（各 1%）和α-硫丹、二甲戊灵（各 0.7%）。人体健康风险评估显示，儿童通过食用蔬菜摄入农药的日允许摄入量的百分比为 0.014 至 39.4%，而成人则为 0.003 至 9.85%。尽管危害指数值均<1，但考虑到样本中检测到的农药浓度，儿童的风险更高。由于尚未对研究区域蔬菜中农药的实际存在情况和人体健康风险评估进行研究，因此本研究强调了采取良好农业实践、提高食品安全意识、监测食品中有害化学物质以及执行食品安全法规以保护环境和人类健康的重要性。
