The impact of the interplay of the intestinal microbiome and diet on the metabolomic and health outcomes of bariatric surgery.

Obesity has evolved into a global epidemic. Bariatric surgery, the most effective treatment for obesity, keeps many comorbidities of obesity at bay for a prolonged period of time. However, complications, including metabolic alterations, are inherent in bariatric surgery. Surgical intervention in the structure of the digestive tract, especially during bariatric bypass procedures, also causes significant changes in the composition of the microbiome, which may affect the composition and quantity of various metabolites produced by intestinal bacteria. The composition of the intestinal microbiome is connected to human metabolism via metabolites that are produced and secreted by bacterial cells into the intestinal lumen and then absorbed into the host's bloodstream. Bariatric surgery causes changes in the composition and quantity of many circulating metabolites. Metabolic disorders may be affected after bariatric surgery by changes in the composition of the microbiome and metabolites produced by bacteria.