Turkish Military Academy, Ankara 06654, Turkey.
Faculty of Communication, Baskent University, Ankara 06790, Turkey.
Health Promot Int. 2023 Jun 1;38(3). doi: 10.1093/heapro/daac037.
In this research, we investigated the protection motivators and precautionary behaviors against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the associations between them. To do this, we developed two original scales, collected data (2783 responses) using an online survey, after removing the responses (319), which were filled in incompletely or incorrectly in the questionnaire, we obtained 2464 participants covering the aged 18+ population in Turkey. Based on random sampling, our sample complies with these ratios and generally reflects the aged 18+ population of Turkey. We confirmed the psychometrical validity and reliability of our two scales using the collected data. Herewith, we found that perceived susceptibility of COVID-19 infection is very high, perceived severity of COVID-19 is medium, COVID-19 related information seeking is high, beliefs on precautions' efficacy is high and also the practice of precautionary behaviors is high. Our research depicts that all protection motivators significantly are related with the practice of precautionary behaviors (routine and leisure). However, with the only exception of perceived severity of COVID-19 is not related with precautionary behaviors (routine). Besides, we saw that females' average in all variables is significantly higher than males and some variables are sensitive to age, education level, marital status and the number of children. We believe that the findings provide essential inputs for authorities in establishing public health policies against the present pandemic and likely ones in the future.
在这项研究中，我们调查了针对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的保护动机因素和预防行为，以及它们之间的关系。为此，我们开发了两个原始量表，通过在线调查收集数据（2783 份回复），在剔除问卷填写不完整或不正确的回复（319 份）后，我们获得了 2464 名参与者，涵盖了土耳其 18 岁以上的人口。基于随机抽样，我们的样本符合这些比例，总体上反映了土耳其 18 岁以上的人口。我们使用收集到的数据验证了我们两个量表的心理测量学有效性和可靠性。在此基础上，我们发现，人们对 COVID-19 感染的易感性非常高，对 COVID-19 的严重程度的认识是中等的，对 COVID-19 相关信息的寻求是高的，对预防措施效果的信念是高的，而且预防行为的实践也是高的。我们的研究表明，所有的保护动机因素都与预防行为（日常和休闲）显著相关。然而，只有 COVID-19 的严重程度这一因素与预防行为（日常）不相关。此外，我们发现，女性在所有变量上的平均值都显著高于男性，一些变量对年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况和子女数量敏感。我们相信，这些发现为当局制定针对当前大流行和未来可能发生的大流行的公共卫生政策提供了重要的参考。
