Arinze Johnmary T, Hofman Amy, de Roos Emmely W, de Ridder Maria A J, Verhamme Katia M C, Stricker Bruno, Brusselle Guy G, Luik Annemarie I
Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
ERJ Open Res. 2022 Apr 4;8(2). doi: 10.1183/23120541.00069-2022. eCollection 2022 Apr.
Chronic cough is a debilitating medical condition that is often complicated by psychomorbidities such as depressive symptoms. Nevertheless, little is known about the impact of chronic cough on the risk of developing depression. Therefore, we investigated the association between chronic cough and prevalent, incident and recurrent depression in a population-based sample of middle-aged and older persons.
Within the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort, we defined chronic cough as reporting daily coughing for ⩾3 months. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, clinical interviews and medical records. Associations between chronic cough and depression were determined with linear, logistic and Cox regression analyses.
The study included 5877 participants (mean±sd age 72±8 years, 59% female) who contributed 37 287 person-years of follow-up. At baseline, participants with chronic cough reported more depressive symptoms (adjusted standardised mean difference 0.15, 95% CI 0.07-0.22) compared to those without chronic cough. Over time, chronic cough was associated with an increased risk of depression in participants with a history of depression (hazard ratio (HR) 1.45, 95% CI 1.13-1.84), but not in those without a history of depression (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.68-1.22).
Adults with chronic cough have a disproportionate burden of depressive symptoms and an increased risk of recurrent depression. This highlights the importance of screening for depression in patients with chronic cough.
慢性咳嗽是一种使人衰弱的病症，常伴有诸如抑郁症状等精神疾病。然而，关于慢性咳嗽对患抑郁症风险的影响知之甚少。因此，我们在一个以人群为基础的中老年样本中调查了慢性咳嗽与现患、新发和复发性抑郁症之间的关联。
在基于人群的队列研究鹿特丹研究中，我们将慢性咳嗽定义为报告每日咳嗽≥3个月。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表、临床访谈和医疗记录评估抑郁症。通过线性、逻辑和Cox回归分析确定慢性咳嗽与抑郁症之间的关联。
该研究纳入了5877名参与者（平均年龄±标准差为72±8岁，59%为女性），随访时间共计37287人年。在基线时，与无慢性咳嗽的参与者相比，有慢性咳嗽的参与者报告了更多的抑郁症状（调整后的标准化平均差为0.15，95%可信区间为0.07 - 0.22）。随着时间的推移，慢性咳嗽与有抑郁症病史的参与者患抑郁症的风险增加相关（风险比[HR]为1.45，95%可信区间为1.13 - 1.84），但在无抑郁症病史的参与者中则不然（HR为0.91，95%可信区间为0.68 - 1.22）。
患有慢性咳嗽的成年人有不成比例的抑郁症状负担以及复发性抑郁症风险增加。这凸显了对慢性咳嗽患者进行抑郁症筛查的重要性。
