College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2022 Apr 15;23(4):300-314. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B2100806.
Plant metabolites are important for plant development and human health. Plants of celery ( L.) with different-colored petioles have been formed in the course of long-term evolution. However, the composition, content distribution, and mechanisms of accumulation of metabolites in different-colored petioles remain elusive. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), 1159 metabolites, including 100 lipids, 72 organic acids and derivatives, 83 phenylpropanoids and polyketides, and several alkaloids and terpenoids, were quantified in four celery cultivars, each with a different petiole color. There were significant differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery with different-colored petioles, with the most striking difference between green celery and purple celery, followed by white celery and green celery. Annotated analysis of metabolic pathways showed that the metabolites of the different-colored petioles were significantly enriched in biosynthetic pathways such as anthocyanin, flavonoid, and chlorophyll pathways, suggesting that these metabolic pathways may play a key role in determining petiole color in celery. The content of chlorophyll in green celery was significantly higher than that in other celery cultivars, yellow celery was rich in carotenoids, and the content of anthocyanin in purple celery was significantly higher than that in the other celery cultivars. The color of the celery petioles was significantly correlated with the content of related metabolites. Among the four celery cultivars, the metabolites of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were enriched in purple celery. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) suggested that the differential expression of the chalcone synthase () gene in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway might affect the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in celery. In addition, HPLC analysis revealed that cyanidin is the main pigment in purple celery. This study explored the differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery cultivars with different-colored petioles and identified key substances for color formation. The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for genetic improvement of celery petiole color.
植物代谢物对植物发育和人类健康很重要。芹菜（L.）的不同颜色叶柄植物在长期进化过程中形成。然而，不同颜色叶柄中代谢物的组成、含量分布和积累机制仍不清楚。本研究使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UHPLC-MS/MS）对 4 个不同颜色叶柄的芹菜品种进行分析，共定量了 1159 种代谢物，包括 100 种脂质、72 种有机酸及其衍生物、83 种苯丙烷和多酮类、以及几种生物碱和萜类化合物。不同颜色叶柄的芹菜在代谢物的类型和含量上存在显著差异，其中绿色芹菜和紫色芹菜之间的差异最大，其次是白色芹菜和绿色芹菜。代谢途径注释分析表明，不同颜色叶柄的代谢物在类黄酮、叶绿素和花青素等生物合成途径中显著富集，表明这些代谢途径可能在决定芹菜叶柄颜色方面发挥关键作用。绿色芹菜中叶绿素的含量明显高于其他芹菜品种，黄色芹菜富含类胡萝卜素，紫色芹菜中花青素的含量明显高于其他芹菜品种。芹菜叶柄的颜色与相关代谢物的含量显著相关。在这 4 个芹菜品种中，花青素生物合成途径的代谢物在紫色芹菜中富集。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（qRT-PCR）结果表明，花青素生物合成途径中查尔酮合酶（）基因的差异表达可能影响芹菜中花青素的生物合成。此外，HPLC 分析表明，紫色芹菜中的主要色素是矢车菊素。本研究探索了不同颜色叶柄芹菜品种在代谢物类型和含量上的差异，并鉴定了颜色形成的关键物质。研究结果为芹菜叶柄颜色的遗传改良提供了理论依据和技术支持。
