Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, Wuhan, 430030, China; School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Jul 15;305:119269. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119269. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitous in daily life, but their harmful effects on the human body have not been fully explored. Recent studies have shown that EDCs exposure could lead to infertility, menstrual disorder and menopause, resulting in subsequent effects on female health. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify and summarize the impacts of EDCs on ovarian aging for explaining the etiology of ovarian aging and maintaining female reproductive health. Here in this review, we focused on the impacts of ten typical environmental contaminants on the progression of ovarian aging during adult exposure, including epidemiological data in humans and experimental models in rodents, with their clinical phenotypes and underlying mechanisms. We found that both persistent (polychlorinated biphenyls, perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances) and non-persistent (phthalates) EDCs exposure could increase an overall risk of ovarian aging, leading to the diminish of ovarian reserve, decline of fertility or fecundity, irregularity of the menstrual cycle and an earlier age at menopause, and/or premature ovarian insufficiency/failure in epidemiological studies. Among these, the loss of follicles can also be validated in experimental studies of some EDCs, such as BPA, phthalates, parabens and PCBs. The underlying mechanisms may involve the impaired ovarian follicular development by altering receptor-mediated pro-apoptotic pathways, inducing signal transduction and cell cycle arrest and epigenetic modification. However, there were inconsistent results in the impacts on fertility/fecundity, menstrual/estrous cycle and hormone changes response to different EDCs, and differences between human and animal studies. Our review summarizes the current state of knowledge on ovarian disrupters, highlights their risks to ovarian aging and identifies knowledge gaps in humans and animals. We therefore propose that females adopt healthy lifestyle changes to minimize their exposure to both persistent and non-persistent chemicals, that have the potential damage to their reproductive function.
内分泌干扰物 (EDCs) 在日常生活中无处不在，但它们对人体的有害影响尚未得到充分研究。最近的研究表明，EDCs 暴露会导致不孕、月经紊乱和绝经，从而对女性健康产生后续影响。因此，阐明和总结 EDCs 对卵巢衰老的影响对于解释卵巢衰老的病因和维持女性生殖健康具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注了十种典型的环境污染物在成年期暴露时对卵巢衰老进程的影响，包括人类的流行病学数据和啮齿动物的实验模型，以及它们的临床表型和潜在机制。我们发现，持久性（多氯联苯、全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质）和非持久性（邻苯二甲酸酯）EDCs 暴露都会增加卵巢衰老的总体风险，导致卵巢储备减少、生育力或生育能力下降、月经周期不规律和绝经年龄提前，以及/或流行病学研究中的卵巢早衰。在这些因素中，一些 EDCs（如 BPA、邻苯二甲酸酯、对羟基苯甲酸酯和多氯联苯）的实验研究也验证了卵泡的丧失。潜在机制可能涉及通过改变受体介导的促凋亡途径、诱导信号转导和细胞周期停滞以及表观遗传修饰来损害卵巢卵泡发育。然而，不同 EDCs 对生育力/生育能力、月经/发情周期和激素变化反应的影响以及人类和动物研究之间存在不一致的结果。我们的综述总结了目前关于卵巢破坏物的知识状况，强调了它们对卵巢衰老的风险，并确定了人类和动物研究中的知识空白。因此，我们建议女性采取健康的生活方式改变，以尽量减少对可能损害其生殖功能的持久性和非持久性化学物质的暴露。
