Aljazzar Ahmed, Abd El-Hamid Marwa I, El-Malt Rania M S, El-Gharreb Waleed Rizk, Abdel-Raheem Sherief M, Ibrahim Abdelazim M, Abdelaziz Adel M, Ibrahim Doaa
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Apr 1;12(7):905. doi: 10.3390/ani12070905.
species (spp.) are one of the most important causes of human bacterial gastroenteritis in foods of animal origin. Recently, with the spread of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) spp., natural alternative therapeutic methods are urgently required. Phytogenic active principles have gained considerable attention due to their proficiency to enhance gut health and, thereby, performance of broiler chickens. Thus, the current study aims to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of spp. of different chicken sources in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, and to assess the growth-promoting, immunostimulant and antimicrobial effects of a mixture of eugenol and trans-cinnamaldehyde in an in vivo approach. A total of 101 (67.3%) campylobacter isolates was identified, according to both phenotypic and genotypic techniques. Moreover, all of the campylobacter isolates were resistant to erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin (100% each). Of note, a dietary supplementation of the mixture of eugenol and trans-cinnamaldehyde led to a significant improvement of the feed conversion ratio and body weight gain and a decrease in the cecal loads in the broilers challenged with XDR . Additionally, eugenol and the trans-cinnamaldehyde mixture had protective activities via the down-regulation of XDR (, and ) virulence genes and proinflammatory cytokines (, -2, , and ), and the up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine . Thus, we recommend the usage of a mixture of eugenol and trans-cinnamaldehyde as an alternative to antimicrobials for the control and treatment of campylobacter infections.
弯曲杆菌属物种是动物源性食品中导致人类细菌性肠胃炎的最重要原因之一。近年来，随着多重耐药（MDR）和广泛耐药（XDR）弯曲杆菌属物种的传播，迫切需要天然替代治疗方法。植物源活性成分因其能够改善肠道健康从而提高肉鸡生产性能而备受关注。因此，本研究旨在确定埃及谢赫村省不同鸡源中弯曲杆菌属物种的流行情况和抗菌耐药性，并通过体内实验方法评估丁香酚和反式肉桂醛混合物的促生长、免疫刺激和抗菌作用。根据表型和基因型技术，共鉴定出101株（67.3%）弯曲杆菌分离株。此外，所有弯曲杆菌分离株均对红霉素、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑和氨苄西林耐药（各100%）。值得注意的是，在日粮中添加丁香酚和反式肉桂醛混合物可显著改善感染XDR弯曲杆菌的肉鸡的饲料转化率和体重增加，并减少盲肠弯曲杆菌载量。此外，丁香酚和反式肉桂醛混合物通过下调XDR弯曲杆菌（flaA、ciaA和cdtB）的毒力基因和促炎细胞因子（IL-1β、IL-2、TNF-α和IL-6），上调抗炎细胞因子IL-10发挥保护作用。因此,我们建议使用丁香酚和反式肉桂醛混合物作为抗菌药物的替代品，用于控制和治疗弯曲杆菌感染。
