CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, Edifício 2, piso 3, 1150-082 Lisboa, Portugal.
ciTechCare-Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 25;14(7):1382. doi: 10.3390/nu14071382.
Daytime hypersomnolence, the prime feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), frequently leads to high coffee consumption. Nevertheless, some clinicians ask for patients' caffeine avoidance. Caffeinated drinks are sometimes associated with more severe OSA. However, these effects are not consensual. Here we investigated the effect of caffeine consumption on sleep architecture and apnea/hypopnea index in OSA. Also, the impact of caffeine on variables related with dysmetabolism, dyslipidemia, and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) dysfunction were investigated. A total of 65 patients diagnosed with OSA and 32 without OSA were included after given written informed consent. Polysomnographic studies were performed. Blood was collected to quantify caffeine and its metabolites in plasma and biochemical parameters. 24 h urine samples were collected for catecholamines measurement. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS: (1) non-parametric Mann-Whitney test to compare variables between controls and OSA; (2) multivariate logistic regression testing the effect of caffeine on sets of variables in the 2 groups; and (3) Spearmans' correlation between caffeine levels and comorbidities in patients with OSA. As expected OSA development is associated with dyslipidemia, dysmetabolism, SNS dysfunction, and sleep fragmentation. There was also a significant increase in plasma caffeine levels in the OSA group. However, the higher consumption of caffeine by OSA patients do not alter any of these associations. These results showed that there is no apparent rationale for caffeine avoidance in chronic consumers with OSA.
白天过度嗜睡是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的主要特征，常导致高咖啡摄入量。然而，一些临床医生要求患者避免摄入咖啡因。含咖啡因的饮料有时与更严重的 OSA 相关。然而，这些影响并不一致。在这里，我们研究了咖啡因摄入对 OSA 患者睡眠结构和呼吸暂停/低通气指数的影响。此外，还研究了咖啡因对与代谢紊乱、血脂异常和交感神经系统（SNS）功能障碍相关的变量的影响。在获得书面知情同意后，共纳入了 65 名确诊为 OSA 的患者和 32 名无 OSA 的患者进行了多导睡眠图研究。采集血液以定量测定血浆中的咖啡因及其代谢物和生化参数。收集 24 小时尿液样本以测量儿茶酚胺。使用 SPSS 进行统计分析：（1）非参数 Mann-Whitney 检验比较对照组和 OSA 组之间的变量；（2）多元逻辑回归检验咖啡因对两组变量集的影响；（3）Spearmans 相关性分析 OSA 患者中咖啡因水平与合并症之间的相关性。正如预期的那样，OSA 的发展与血脂异常、代谢紊乱、SNS 功能障碍和睡眠片段化有关。OSA 组的血浆咖啡因水平也显著升高。然而，OSA 患者摄入更多的咖啡因并没有改变这些关联。这些结果表明，对于慢性 OSA 患者，避免咖啡因摄入没有明显的理由。
