Identification, Structural, and Expression Analyses of Genes in Giant Duckweed () Reveals Its Role in Response to Low Phosphorus and Nitrogen Stresses.

genes play important roles in the coordinated utilization of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in plants. However, a genome-wide analysis of the family is still lacking. In this study, the gene structure and phylogenetic relationship of 160 genes were systematically analyzed at the genome-wide level. Results revealed that genes were highly conserved in plants. All genes contained the conserved SPX domain containing motifs 2, 3, 4, and 8. The 160 genes were divided into five clades and the genes within the same clade shared a similar motif composition. P1BS -elements showed a high frequency in the promoter region of s, indicating that genes could interact with the P signal center regulatory gene () in response to low P stress. Other -elements were also involved in plant development and biotic/abiotic stress, suggesting the functional diversity of s. Further studies were conducted on the interaction network of three , revealing that these genes could interact with important components of the P signaling network. The expression profiles showed that s responded sensitively to N and P deficiency stresses, thus playing a key regulatory function in P and N metabolism. Furthermore, the expression of under P and N deficiency stresses could be affected by environmental factors such as ABA treatment, osmotic, and LT stresses. Our study suggested that could be good candidates for enhancing the uptake ability of for P nutrients in wastewater. These findings could broaden the understanding of the evolution and biological function of the family and offer a foundation to further investigate this family in plants.