Paulson Chase, Thomas Samuel C, Gonzalez Orlando, Taylor Samuel, Swiston Cole, Herrick Jennifer S, McCoy Lori, Curtin Karen, Chaya Craig J, Stagg Brian C, Wirostko Barbara M
School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
Department of Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 24;11(7):1795. doi: 10.3390/jcm11071795.
There are little epidemiologic data on exfoliation syndrome (XFS) or exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in Guatemala, especially in the underserved Baja Verapaz region. This observational study assessing XFS/XFG and demographic factors of this region aims to better understand unique exogenous and endogenous risk factors associated with XFS/XFG in Guatemala. During Moran Eye Center's global outreach medical eye camps from 2016-2017, 181 patients age 15 years and older presented for complete eye exams. These individuals were screened for eye disease and evaluated for possible surgical interventions that could occur during the camps to improve eyesight. During the dilated exams, XFS was noted as missing or present. Of those 181, 10 had insufficient data and 18 lacked a definitive diagnosis of XFS or XFG, resulting in 153 evaluable patients; 46 XFS and 9 XFG were identified. Age, gender, hometown, ancestry (languages spoken by parents and grandparents), past medical history, family medical history, and occupational data (only 2017 trip) were obtained for each patient. The most common occupations of these individuals were farming and housekeeping. Higher rates of XFS/XFG were noted in individuals of rural compared to urban settings and Mayan speaking people compared with Spanish speakers. Based on this subset of patients, with various ocular pathologies being evaluated during medical eye outreach camps, the prevalence of XFS/XFG appeared to be 36%, a high prevalence compared to other world populations. Location and higher altitude, along with a farming occupation, may contribute to XFS development and subsequent progression to XFG. To our knowledge, this is the largest study looking at the epidemiology of XFS/XFG in the Baja Verapaz region of Guatemala for those over the age of 15 years seeking eye exams and interventions.
危地马拉关于剥脱综合征（XFS）或剥脱性青光眼（XFG）的流行病学数据很少，尤其是在服务欠缺的下韦拉帕斯地区。这项评估该地区XFS/XFG及人口统计学因素的观察性研究，旨在更好地了解危地马拉与XFS/XFG相关的独特外源性和内源性风险因素。在2016年至2017年莫兰眼科中心的全球外展医疗眼科营地期间，181名15岁及以上的患者前来进行全面眼科检查。这些人接受了眼病筛查，并评估了在营地期间可能进行的改善视力的手术干预措施。在散瞳检查期间，记录XFS是否存在。在这181人中，10人数据不足，18人未得到XFS或XFG的明确诊断，最终有153名可评估患者；其中确诊46例XFS和9例XFG。收集了每位患者的年龄、性别、家乡、血统（父母和祖父母所说的语言）、既往病史、家族病史和职业数据（仅2017年行程）。这些人的最常见职业是务农和家政。与城市环境中的人相比，农村地区的人以及说玛雅语的人比说西班牙语的人XFS/XFG发病率更高。基于这组在医疗眼科外展营地接受各种眼部疾病评估的患者，XFS/XFG的患病率似乎为36%，与世界其他人群相比患病率较高。地理位置和较高海拔，以及务农职业，可能促使XFS的发生并随后发展为XFG。据我们所知，这是针对危地马拉下韦拉帕斯地区15岁以上寻求眼科检查和干预的人群中XFS/XFG流行病学的最大规模研究。
