Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
Molecules. 2022 Mar 31;27(7):2270. doi: 10.3390/molecules27072270.
Treatment of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is of great challenge as it is shown to be infected by multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR bacteria). Sixty four bacterial isolates were isolated from DFU cases; antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out for all of them. One bacterial isolate (number 11) was shown to resist the action of 8 out of 12 antibiotics used and was identified by both a Vitek-2 system and 16S rRNA fingerprints as belonging to and was designated LC587231 (). Clove flower extract (CFE) inhibited distinctively the bacterium obtained. GC-MS spectroscopy showed that this CFE contained nine bioactive compounds. The effect of CFE on wound healing of Type 1 diabetic albino rats () was studied. The results indicated that topical application of CFE hydrogel improved wound size, wound index, mRNA expression of the wound healing markers (, , , and ), growth factor signaling pathways (, , , , , , , and ), inflammatory cytokine expression (, , , , and ), as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines ( & ), pro-apoptotic markers (, , , , , , ), as well as an antiapoptotic one (). Furthermore, it improved the wound oxidative state and reduced the wound microbial load, as the cefepime therapy improved the wound healing parameters. Based on the previous notions, it could be concluded that CFE represents a valid antibiotics alternative for DFU therapy since it improves diabetic wound healing and exerts antibacterial activity either in vitro or in vivo.
治疗糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）极具挑战性，因为它被证明会受到多重耐药菌（MDR 细菌）的感染。从 DFU 病例中分离出 64 株细菌分离株；对所有分离株进行了抗生素敏感性测试。一种细菌分离株（编号 11）被证明对 12 种抗生素中的 8 种具有抗药性，通过 Vitek-2 系统和 16S rRNA 指纹图谱鉴定为 ，并被命名为 LC587231()。丁香花提取物（CFE）显著抑制了所获得的 细菌。GC-MS 光谱表明，这种 CFE 含有 9 种生物活性化合物。研究了 CFE 对 1 型糖尿病白化大鼠（）伤口愈合的影响。结果表明，CFE 水凝胶的局部应用改善了伤口大小、伤口指数、伤口愈合标志物（、、、和）、生长因子信号通路（、、、、、、、和）、炎症细胞因子表达（、、、、和）以及抗炎细胞因子（&）、促凋亡标志物（、、、、、、）和抗凋亡标志物（）。此外，它改善了伤口氧化状态并降低了伤口微生物负荷，因为头孢吡肟治疗改善了伤口愈合参数。基于上述观点，可以得出结论，CFE 代表了 DFU 治疗的一种有效的抗生素替代物，因为它可以改善糖尿病伤口愈合，并在体外或体内发挥抗菌活性。
