Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 24;23(7):3558. doi: 10.3390/ijms23073558.
With the introduction of a new interdisciplinary field, osteoimmunology, today, it is well acknowledged that biomaterial-induced inflammation is modulated by immune cells, primarily macrophages, and can be controlled by nanotopographical cues. Recent studies have investigated the effect of surface properties in modulating the immune reaction, and literature data indicate that various surface cues can dictate both the immune response and bone tissue repair. In this context, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of titanium dioxide nanotube (TNT) interspacing on the response of the macrophage-like cell line RAW 264.7. The cells were maintained in contact with the surfaces of flat titanium (Ti) and anodic TNTs with an intertube spacing of 20 nm (TNT20) and 80 nm (TNT80), under standard or pro-inflammatory conditions. The results revealed that nanotube interspacing can influence macrophage response in terms of cell survival and proliferation, cellular morphology and polarization, cytokine/chemokine expression, and foreign body reaction. While the nanostructured topography did not tune the macrophages' differentiation into osteoclasts, this behavior was significantly reduced as compared to flat Ti surface. Overall, this study provides a new insight into how nanotubes' morphological features, particularly intertube spacing, could affect macrophage behavior.
随着一个新的跨学科领域——骨免疫学的引入，人们已经充分认识到，生物材料诱导的炎症是由免疫细胞（主要是巨噬细胞）调节的，并且可以通过纳米形貌线索来控制。最近的研究调查了表面性质对调节免疫反应的影响，文献数据表明，各种表面线索可以决定免疫反应和骨组织修复。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是研究二氧化钛纳米管（TNT）间隔对巨噬样细胞系 RAW 264.7 反应的影响。在标准或促炎条件下，将细胞保持与平面钛（Ti）和间隔为 20nm（TNT20）和 80nm（TNT80）的阳极 TNT 表面接触。结果表明，纳米管间隔可以影响巨噬细胞的存活和增殖、细胞形态和极化、细胞因子/趋化因子表达和异物反应。虽然纳米结构形貌并没有调节巨噬细胞向破骨细胞分化，但与平面 Ti 表面相比，这种行为明显减少。总的来说，这项研究提供了一个新的视角，即纳米管的形态特征，特别是管间间隔，如何影响巨噬细胞的行为。
