Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.
Oman Medical Specialty Board, Medical Microbiology Residency Program, Oman.
Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Aug;121:66-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.04.025. Epub 2022 Apr 14.
Mycobacterium canariasense is a relatively newly discovered, rapidly growing nontuberculous Mycobacterium first described in 17 patients with fever in the Canary Islands, Spain, in 2004. To date, there have been very few case reports in literature, and to our knowledge, infective endocarditis due to M. canariasense has not been reported. In this case report, we present a 33-year-old man who was an intravenous drug user with native mitral valve infective endocarditis caused by M. canariasense after presenting with septic emboli to the toes and kidneys. The rapidly growing mycobacterium isolated from blood culture and valve tissue was identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as M. cosmeticum but was finally identified as M. canariasense by rpoB gene sequencing. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement surgery and received combined antibiotic therapy of intravenous ciprofloxacin, intravenous amikacin, and oral clarithromycin with a successful outcome. This case highlights the importance of molecular identification of nontuberculous Mycobacterium to guide antimicrobial therapy in such serious infections.
卡纳里亚斯分枝杆菌是一种相对较新发现的快速生长的非结核分枝杆菌，于 2004 年首次在西班牙加那利群岛发热的 17 例患者中描述。迄今为止，文献中仅有极少数病例报告，据我们所知，卡纳里亚斯分枝杆菌引起的感染性心内膜炎尚未报道。在本病例报告中，我们介绍了一名 33 岁男性，他是一名静脉吸毒者，因败血症栓子至脚趾和肾脏，导致原生二尖瓣感染性心内膜炎，由卡纳里亚斯分枝杆菌引起。从血培养和瓣膜组织中分离出的快速生长分枝杆菌通过 16S rRNA 测序鉴定为 M. cosmeticum，但最终通过 rpoB 基因测序鉴定为 M. canariasense。患者接受了二尖瓣置换手术，并接受了静脉注射环丙沙星、静脉注射阿米卡星和口服克拉霉素联合抗生素治疗，结果成功。本病例强调了分子鉴定非结核分枝杆菌在指导此类严重感染的抗菌治疗中的重要性。
