Delclòs-Alió Xavier, Rodríguez Daniel A, Medina Catalina, Jaime Miranda J, Avila-Palencia Ione, Targaf Felipe, Moran Mika R, Sarmiento Olga Lucía, Alex Quistberg D
Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of City and Regional Planning & Institute for Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Transp Rev. 2022 May 4;42(3):296-317. doi: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1966552. Epub 2021 Aug 14.
Walking for transportation is a common and accessible means of achieving recommended physical activity levels, while providing important social and environmental co-benefits. Even though walking in rapidly growing urban areas has become especially challenging given the increasing dependence on motorised transportation, walking remains a major mode of transportation in Latin American cities. In this paper we aimed to quantify self-reported walking for transportation in Mexico City, Bogota, Santiago de Chile, Sao Paulo, and Buenos Aires, by identifying both walking trips that are conducted entirely on foot and walking events involved in trips mainly conducted on other means of transportation (e.g. private vehicle, public transit) among individuals ≥5-years old. We show how walking-only trips account for approximately 30% trips in the analysed cities, and we evidence how the pedestrian dimension of mobility is largely underestimated if walking that is incidental to other transportation modes is not accounted for: when considering all walking events, we observed an increase between 73% and 217% in daily walking time. As a result, we estimated that between 19% and 25% of residents in these cities meet the WHO physical activity guidelines solely from walking for transportation. The results of the study also suggest that the promotion of public transportation in large Latin American cities can especially help certain population groups achieve the daily recommended levels of physical activity, while among low-income groups accessibility and safety seem to be the key challenges to be addressed.
步行出行是达到推荐身体活动水平的一种常见且可行的方式，同时还能带来重要的社会和环境协同效益。尽管鉴于对机动化交通的依赖日益增加，在快速发展的城市地区步行变得尤其具有挑战性，但步行仍是拉丁美洲城市的主要交通方式。在本文中，我们旨在通过识别5岁及以上人群中完全步行的出行以及主要通过其他交通方式（如私家车、公共交通）出行中涉及的步行活动，来量化墨西哥城、波哥大、智利圣地亚哥、圣保罗和布宜诺斯艾利斯自我报告的步行出行情况。我们展示了在所分析的城市中，仅步行出行约占出行总数的30%，并且我们证明，如果不考虑其他交通方式附带的步行，出行的步行维度在很大程度上被低估了：当考虑所有步行活动时，我们观察到每日步行时间增加了73%至217%。因此，我们估计这些城市中19%至25%的居民仅通过步行出行就达到了世界卫生组织的身体活动指南要求。研究结果还表明，在拉丁美洲的大城市中推广公共交通尤其有助于某些人群达到每日推荐的身体活动水平，但在低收入群体中，可达性和安全性似乎是需要解决的关键挑战。
