Department of Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, M-130, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
Weill Cornell Center for Global Health, New York, NY, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2022 Jun;19(3):184-193. doi: 10.1007/s11904-022-00602-4. Epub 2022 Apr 20.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: HIV testing is the critical first step to direct people living with HIV (PLWH) to treatment. However, progress is still being made towards the UNAIDS benchmark of 95% of PLWH knowing their status by 2030. Here, we discuss recent interventions to improve HIV testing uptake in global settings. RECENT FINDINGS: Successful facility-based HIV testing interventions involve couples and index testing, partner notification, and offering of incentives. Community-based interventions such as home-based self-testing, mobile outreach, and hybrid approaches have improved HIV testing in low-resource settings and among priority populations. Partnerships with trusted community leaders have also increased testing among populations disproportionally impacted by HIV. Recent HIV testing interventions span a breadth of facility- and community-based approaches. Continued research is needed to engage men in sub-Saharan Africa, people who inject drugs, and people who avoid biomedical care. Interventions should consider supporting linkage to care for newly diagnosed PLWH.
目的综述:HIV 检测是将 HIV 感染者(PLWH)直接转至治疗的关键第一步。然而,要实现到 2030 年联合国艾滋病规划署(UNAIDS)95%的 PLWH 知晓其 HIV 感染状况的基准目标,仍需做出努力。在此,我们讨论了最近为提高全球环境下 HIV 检测率而采取的干预措施。
最近发现:成功的基于机构的 HIV 检测干预措施涉及夫妻和索引检测、伴侣通知和激励措施。基于社区的干预措施,如家庭自我检测、流动外展和混合方法,已在资源匮乏环境中和重点人群中提高了 HIV 检测率。与值得信赖的社区领导人建立伙伴关系也增加了受 HIV 影响不成比例的人群的检测率。最近的 HIV 检测干预措施涵盖了广泛的基于机构和社区的方法。仍需要继续研究,以鼓励撒哈拉以南非洲地区的男性、注射毒品者和避免生物医学护理的人群进行检测。干预措施应考虑支持新诊断为 PLWH 的患者向治疗机构的转介。
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