Ferrari Ivan Vito, Pasquini Luca, Narducci Riccardo, Sgreccia Emanuela, Di Vona Maria Luisa, Knauth Philippe
University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department Industrial Engineering, International Laboratory "Ionomer Materials for Energy", 00133 Rome, Italy.
Aix Marseille University, CNRS, MADIREL (UMR 7246), International Laboratory "Ionomer Materials for Energy", Campus St Jérôme, 13013 Marseille, France.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Apr 15;12(4):427. doi: 10.3390/membranes12040427.
This short review summarizes the improvements on biological fuel cells (BioFCs) with or without ionomer separation membrane. After a general introduction about the main challenges of modern energy management, BioFCs are presented including microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs). The benefits of BioFCs include the capability to derive energy from waste-water and organic matter, the possibility to use bacteria or enzymes to replace expensive catalysts such as platinum, the high selectivity of the electrode reactions that allow working with less complicated systems, without the need for high purification, and the lower environmental impact. In comparison with classical FCs and given their lower electrochemical performances, BioFCs have, up to now, only found niche applications with low power needs, but they could become a green solution in the perspective of sustainable development and the circular economy. Ion exchange membranes for utilization in BioFCs are discussed in the final section of the review: they include perfluorinated proton exchange membranes but also aromatic polymers grafted with proton or anion exchange groups.
这篇简短的综述总结了有或没有离聚物分离膜的生物燃料电池（BioFCs）的改进情况。在对现代能源管理的主要挑战进行一般性介绍之后，介绍了生物燃料电池，包括微生物燃料电池（MFCs）和酶燃料电池（EFCs）。生物燃料电池的优点包括能够从废水和有机物中获取能量，有可能使用细菌或酶来替代昂贵的催化剂（如铂），电极反应的高选择性使得可以在不太复杂的系统中工作，无需高度纯化，以及对环境的影响较小。与传统燃料电池相比，鉴于其较低的电化学性能，到目前为止，生物燃料电池仅在低功率需求的小众应用中有所发现，但从可持续发展和循环经济的角度来看，它们可能成为一种绿色解决方案。综述的最后一部分讨论了用于生物燃料电池的离子交换膜：它们包括全氟质子交换膜，也包括接枝有质子或阴离子交换基团的芳香聚合物。
