Nephrology and Transplantation Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, 30000 Leuven, Belgium.
Laboratory of Nephrology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 30000 Leuven, Belgium.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Apr 12;14(4):274. doi: 10.3390/toxins14040274.
Indoxyl sulfate, closely related to indigo, a dye valued for it binding to cloth, has been recognized as a protein-bound solute bound to albumin, present in increased concentration in the serum of patients with impaired glomerular filtration (13). The early studies of Niwa identified indoxyl sulfate as a toxin capable of accelerating the rate of renal damage in subtotal nephrectomized rats (18). Over the past decade other protein-bound solutes have been identified in the plasma of patients with impaired glomerular filtration. Although the early studies, focused on the kidney, identified indoxyl sulfate as a toxic waste product dependent on the kidney for its removal, subsequent observations have identified organic anion transporters on many non-renal tissue, leading to the view that indoxyl sulfate is part of a systemic signaling system.
硫酸吲哚酚，与靛蓝密切相关，是一种用于染布的染料，已被确认为与白蛋白结合的蛋白质结合物，存在于肾小球滤过功能受损患者的血清中，浓度升高 (13)。Niwa 的早期研究发现硫酸吲哚酚是一种能够加速部分肾切除大鼠肾脏损伤速度的毒素 (18)。在过去的十年中，其他与蛋白质结合的溶质已在肾小球滤过功能受损患者的血浆中被鉴定出来。虽然早期的研究集中在肾脏上，发现硫酸吲哚酚是一种依赖肾脏清除的有毒代谢产物，但随后的观察结果在许多非肾脏组织中发现了有机阴离子转运蛋白，这导致了硫酸吲哚酚是一种系统信号系统的一部分的观点。
