Dong Hui, Zhao Xiaoyan, Cai Min, Gu Haotian, E Hengchao, Li Xiaobei, Zhang Yanmei, Lu Huan, Zhou Changyan
Laboratory of Agro-Food Quality and Safety Risk Assessment (Shanghai), Institute of Agro-Food Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 5;9:865531. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.865531. eCollection 2022.
The morel mushroom ( sp.) is reputed as one of the most highly-prized edible fungi with mounting cultivated area as well as commercial popularity in China. To date, optimized methods specific for quality evaluation and constituent analysis of sp. are still non-available, impeding the healthy and sustainable development of this industry. Herein, an untargeted UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based metabolomics approach was performed to characterize the metabolite profiles of morel samples from four distinct geographical origins of China, . Gansu, Guizhou, Liaoning, and Henan province. A total of 32 significantly different metabolites assigned to lipids (19), organic acids (9), amino acids (3), and ketones (1) were identified to distinguish the geographic-segregation samples amenable to multivariate analysis. These metabolites may serve as molecular markers indicative of specific regions. More importantly, the lipid, protein and amino acid metabolism were responsible for geographic differences as revealed by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Collectively, this study not only pioneered high-throughput methodology to evaluate quality of sp. and distinguish geographical origins in a sensitive, rapid and efficient manner, but also shed light on the potential link between physiochemical variation and geological origins from a metabolic perspective, which may be conducive to the advancement of edible fungi industry and establishment of food traceability system.
羊肚菌被誉为中国最珍贵的食用菌之一，其种植面积不断扩大，商业知名度也日益提高。迄今为止，仍缺乏针对羊肚菌质量评估和成分分析的优化方法，这阻碍了该产业的健康可持续发展。在此，采用基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱的非靶向代谢组学方法，对来自中国四个不同地理区域（甘肃、贵州、辽宁和河南省）的羊肚菌样本的代谢物谱进行表征。共鉴定出32种显著不同的代谢物，分别属于脂质（19种）、有机酸（9种）、氨基酸（3种）和酮类（1种），可区分适合多变量分析的地理隔离样本。这些代谢物可作为特定区域的分子标记。更重要的是，KEGG通路富集分析表明，脂质、蛋白质和氨基酸代谢是造成地理差异的原因。总体而言，本研究不仅开创了高通量方法来评估羊肚菌的质量，并以灵敏、快速和高效的方式区分地理来源，还从代谢角度揭示了理化变异与地质来源之间的潜在联系，这可能有助于食用菌产业的发展和食品追溯体系的建立。
