LaCount Patrick A, Hartung Cynthia M, Vasko John M, Serrano Judah W, Wright Halle A, Smith Derek T
University of Wyoming, Department of Psychology, 1000 E University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071.
University of Wyoming, Department of Kinesiology, 1000 E University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071.
Ment Health Phys Act. 2022 Mar;22. doi: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100443. Epub 2022 Feb 14.
We sought to elucidate the acute effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) among college students with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants were age- and sex-matched across ADHD ( = 18) and non-ADHD groups ( = 18) and both groups completed baseline (non-HIIT) and experimental sessions (HIIT). We examined within- and between-subject effects on a continuous performance task (CPT) and self-reported ADHD and internalizing symptomatology. We found that the degree of improvement on ADHD and depressive symptomatology, as well as processing speed and response variability following HIIT was significantly greater for the ADHD group than the comparison group. Further investigations such as randomized controlled trials focusing on the chronic effects of sustained HIIT interventions are needed to substantiate the potential feasibility and efficacy of HIIT as an intervention. HIIT may be a useful adjunct to psychosocial and/or pharmacological treatments for college students with ADHD because it: (a) yields immediate, acute improvements in executive functioning, ADHD, and mood; (b) promotes improved physical and mental health; (c) poses a relatively low risk of deleterious effects in apparently healthy college students. Even with the need for additional research, current data suggest a single, brief, high-intensity bout of aerobic exercise can yield immediate significant short-term improvements. These improvements may enhance functioning and improve outcomes for college students with ADHD.
我们试图阐明高强度间歇训练（HIIT）对患有和未患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的大学生的急性影响。ADHD组（n = 18）和非ADHD组（n = 18）的参与者在年龄和性别上相匹配，两组均完成了基线（非HIIT）和实验阶段（HIIT）。我们研究了对持续注意力任务（CPT）以及自我报告的ADHD和内化症状的受试者内和受试者间效应。我们发现，与对照组相比，ADHD组在HIIT后ADHD和抑郁症状的改善程度，以及处理速度和反应变异性方面明显更大。需要进一步的研究，如聚焦于持续HIIT干预的慢性影响的随机对照试验，以证实HIIT作为一种干预措施的潜在可行性和有效性。HIIT可能是对患有ADHD的大学生进行心理社会和/或药物治疗的有用辅助手段，因为它：（a）能立即、急性地改善执行功能、ADHD和情绪；（b）促进身心健康；（c）在明显健康的大学生中产生有害影响的风险相对较低。即使需要更多研究，目前的数据表明单次简短的高强度有氧运动能立即产生显著的短期改善。这些改善可能会增强患有ADHD的大学生的功能并改善其结果。
