Mahardika Gusti Ngurah, Mahendra Nyoman B, Mahardika Bayu K, Suardana Ida B K, Pharmawati Made
The Animal Biomedical and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Udayana University, Jl. Sesetan-Markisa 6A, Denpasar 80223, Bali, Indonesia.
The Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, The Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
Biochem Res Int. 2022 Apr 11;2022:2164749. doi: 10.1155/2022/2164749. eCollection 2022.
The prolonged global spread and community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the emergence of variants and brought questions regarding disease severity and vaccine effectiveness. We conducted simple bioinformatics on the spike gene of a representative of each variant. The data show that a number of polymorphic amino acids are located mostly on the amino-terminal side of the S1/S2 cleavage site. The Omicron variant diverges from the others, with the highest number of amino acid substitutions, including the receptor-binding site (RBS), epitopes, S1/S2 cleavage site, fusion peptide, and heptad repeat 1. The current sharp global increase in the frequency of the Omicron genome constitutes evidence of its high community transmissibility. In conclusion, the proposed guideline could give an immediate insight of the probable biological nature of any variant of SARS-Cov-2. As the Omicron diverged the farthest from the original pandemic strain, Wuhan-Hu-1, we expect different epidemiological and clinical patterns of Omicron cases. On vaccine efficacy, slight changes in some epitopes while others are conserved should not lead to a significant reduction in the effectiveness of an approved vaccine.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）在全球的长期传播和社区传播导致了病毒变体的出现，并引发了关于疾病严重程度和疫苗有效性的问题。我们对每个变体的代表性毒株的刺突基因进行了简单的生物信息学分析。数据显示，许多多态性氨基酸大多位于S1/S2裂解位点的氨基末端一侧。奥密克戎变体与其他变体不同，其氨基酸取代数量最多，包括受体结合位点（RBS）、表位、S1/S2裂解位点、融合肽和七肽重复序列1。目前奥密克戎基因组在全球的频率急剧上升，证明了其高社区传播性。总之，所提出的指导方针可以立即洞察SARS-CoV-2任何变体可能的生物学特性。由于奥密克戎与原始大流行毒株武汉-胡-1差异最大，我们预计奥密克戎病例会有不同的流行病学和临床模式。关于疫苗效力，一些表位的轻微变化而其他表位保持不变，不应导致已批准疫苗的效力显著降低。
