Colonization of Group B in Pregnant Women and Their Neonates from a Sri Lankan Hospital.

We investigated the molecular epidemiology of (Group B , GBS) from carriage in a cohort of pregnant mothers and their respective newborns in a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka. GBS vaginal carriage was assessed on pregnant mothers at pre-delivery ( = 250), post-delivery ( = 130), and from peri-rectal swabs of neonates ( = 159) in a prospective study. All colonizing, non-duplicate GBS isolates ( = 60) were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibilities, capsular serotyping, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The percentage of GBS carriage in mothers in the pre-delivery and post-delivery cohorts were 11.2% ( = 28) and 19.2% ( = 25), respectively, and 4.4% ( = 7) in neonates. GBS isolates predominantly belonged to serotype VI (17/60, 28.3%). The isolates spanned across 12 sequence types (STs), with ST1 (24/60, 40%) being the most predominant ST. Concomitant resistance to erythromycin, tetracyclines, and gentamicin was observed in eight strains (13.3%). WGS revealed the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes including (5/60), (1/60), (1/60), and (2/60, 28/60, and 1/60, respectively) among 60 strains. The study provides insight into the diversity of vaccine targets of GBS since serotype VI is yet to be covered in the vaccine development program.