Treskova Marina, Kuhlmann Alexander, Freise Fritjof, Kreienbrock Lothar, Brogden Sandra
Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Microorganisms. 2022 Mar 29;10(4):728. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10040728.
(1) Background: This study summarizes the current research on antibiotic resistance (AR) in the environment conducted in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland; (2) Methods: A narrative systematic literature review of epidemiological studies based on searches in EMBASE and CAB abstracts (up to 16 June2021) was conducted. Environmental reservoirs included water sources, wastewater, animal husbandry, wildlife, soil, and sediment; (3) Results: Four hundred and four records were screened, and 52 studies were included. Thirteen studies examined aquatic environments, and eleven investigated wastewater. Eight studies investigated both wildlife and animal husbandry. Less evidence was available for sediments, soil, and air. Considerable heterogeneity in research focus, study design, sampling, and measurement of resistance was observed. Resistance to all categories of antimicrobials in the WHO CIA list was identified. Resistance to critically important and highly important substances was reported most frequently; (4) Conclusions: The current research scope presents data-gathering efforts. Usage of a unified protocol for isolate collection, selecting sampling sites, and susceptibility testing is required to provide results that can be compared between the studies and reservoirs. Epidemiological, environmental, and ecological factors should be considered in surveys of the environmental dissemination of AR. Systematic epidemiological studies investigating AR at the interface of human, animal, and environmental health are needed.
(1) 背景：本研究总结了奥地利、德国和瑞士开展的关于环境中抗生素耐药性（AR）的当前研究；(2) 方法：基于在EMBASE和CAB文摘库（截至2021年6月16日）中的检索，对流行病学研究进行了叙述性系统文献综述。环境储存库包括水源、废水、畜牧业、野生动物、土壤和沉积物；(3) 结果：筛选了404条记录，纳入52项研究。13项研究考察了水生环境，11项研究调查了废水。8项研究同时调查了野生动物和畜牧业。关于沉积物、土壤和空气的证据较少。在研究重点、研究设计、采样和耐药性测量方面观察到相当大的异质性。确定了对世界卫生组织关键、重要和高度重要抗菌药物类别的耐药性。对关键重要和高度重要物质的耐药性报告最为频繁；(4) 结论：当前的研究范围展示了数据收集工作。需要使用统一的方案进行分离株收集、选择采样地点和药敏试验，以提供可在各研究和储存库之间进行比较的结果。在AR环境传播调查中应考虑流行病学、环境和生态因素。需要开展系统的流行病学研究，在人类、动物和环境卫生的界面上调查AR。
