Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Cytology & Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Acta Cytol. 2022;66(5):389-395. doi: 10.1159/000524053. Epub 2022 Apr 22.
Morphological indicators of chromosomal instability (CI), including multipolar mitoses, chromatin bridges (CB), strings, nuclear buds (NB), micronuclei (MN), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy analysis help in prognostication of breast carcinoma. The present study was done to evaluate CI in breast carcinoma and correlate with DNA ploidy and tumor grade.
Fifty cases of carcinoma breast diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology were included. Robinson's grading method was used on smears to grade breast carcinoma. To assess the morphological features of CI, the best May-Grünwald Giemsa stained smear was chosen. At least 1,000 epithelial cells on oil immersion magnification (×100 objective) were counted. DNA ploidy on the aspirates was done by flow cytometry.
All the patients were female, diagnosed as infiltrating ductal carcinoma on cytology. Eight tumors were grade I, 32 were grade II, and 10 were grade III. MN was seen in 48 cases, NB in 45, and CB in 12 cases. Mean MN, NB, and CB scores in aneuploid (24) cases were 9.96 ± 8.42, 5.29 ± 4.71, and 1.08 ± 1.84 while 6.19 ± 6.67, 1.92 ± 1.79, and 0.11 ± 0.33 were seen in diploid (26) cases. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between CI and DNA ploidy.
Morphological evaluation of CI by light microscopy on routinely stained breast aspirates is feasible, although a meticulous search is required. Cytomorphological features of CI and ploidy have a positive correlation with increasing tumor grade.
染色体不稳定性（CI）的形态学指标，包括多极有丝分裂、染色质桥（CB）、串、核芽（NB）、微核（MN）和脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）倍性分析有助于乳腺癌的预后判断。本研究旨在评估乳腺癌的 CI，并与 DNA 倍性和肿瘤分级相关。
纳入 50 例经细针穿刺细胞学诊断为乳腺癌的病例。对涂片采用 Robinson 分级法对乳腺癌进行分级。为评估 CI 的形态学特征，选择了最佳的 May-Grünwald Giemsa 染色涂片。在油浸放大（×100 物镜）下至少计数 1000 个上皮细胞。通过流式细胞术对抽吸物进行 DNA 倍性检测。
所有患者均为女性，细胞学诊断为浸润性导管癌。8 例肿瘤为 I 级，32 例为 II 级，10 例为 III 级。48 例可见 MN，45 例可见 NB，12 例可见 CB。在非整倍体（24 例）中，MN、NB 和 CB 的平均评分分别为 9.96±8.42、5.29±4.71 和 1.08±1.84，而在二倍体（26 例）中，MN、NB 和 CB 的平均评分分别为 6.19±6.67、1.92±1.79 和 0.11±0.33。CI 与 DNA 倍性之间存在显著的正相关。
在常规染色的乳腺抽吸物上通过光学显微镜进行 CI 的形态学评估是可行的，尽管需要进行细致的搜索。CI 的细胞形态学特征与肿瘤分级呈正相关。
