Huang Xin, Liu Lin, Eli Buzohre, Wang Jingyi, Chen Yaru, Liu Zhengkui
Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 8;13:863698. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.863698. eCollection 2022.
As COVID-19 persists around the world, it is necessary to explore the long-term mental health effects in COVID-19 survivors. In this study, we investigated the mental health outcomes of survivors of COVID-19 at 6 and 12 months postdiagnosis.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD checklist for the DSM-5, PCL-5), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, GAD-7), resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, CD-RISC-10), perceived social support (PSSS), personality traits (Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory-15, CBF-PI-15), and sociodemographic information were examined among 511 survivors of COVID-19 (48.1%, females; = 56.23 years at first assessment) at 6 and 12 months postdiagnosis. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed rank tests and multivariable logistic regression models.
The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 6 and 12 months after diagnosis was 13.31% and 6.26%; 20.35% and 11.94%; and 13.11% and 6.07%, respectively. The risk factors for all symptoms were as follows: higher neuroticism; lower openness, extraversion, agreeableness, and resilience; greater life disruptions due to COVID-19; poorer living standards; and increased symptoms of PTSD or depression at 6 months postdiagnosis.
The mental health of COVID-19 survivors improved between 6 and 12 months postdiagnosis. Mental health workers should pay long-term attention to this group, especially to survivors with risk factors.
鉴于新冠病毒病（COVID-19）在全球持续存在，有必要探究COVID-19幸存者的长期心理健康影响。在本研究中，我们调查了COVID-19幸存者在确诊后6个月和12个月时的心理健康状况。
对511名COVID-19幸存者（女性占48.1%；首次评估时年龄为56.23岁）在确诊后6个月和12个月时进行了创伤后应激障碍（DSM-5创伤后应激障碍检查表，PCL-5）、抑郁（患者健康问卷-9，PHQ-9）、焦虑（广泛性焦虑障碍量表，GAD-7）、心理韧性（Connor-Davidson心理韧性量表，CD-RISC-10）、感知社会支持（PSSS）、人格特质（中国大五人格量表-15，CBF-PI-15）以及社会人口学信息的评估。数据采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验和多变量逻辑回归模型进行分析。
确诊后6个月和12个月时，焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率分别为13.31%和6.26%；20.35%和11.94%；以及13.11%和6.07%。所有症状的危险因素如下：神经质得分较高；开放性、外向性、宜人性和心理韧性得分较低；因COVID-19导致的生活干扰较大；生活水平较差；以及确诊后6个月时PTSD或抑郁症状加重。
COVID-19幸存者的心理健康在确诊后6至12个月有所改善。心理健康工作者应长期关注这一群体，尤其是有危险因素的幸存者。
