Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, Wydział Lekarski w Katowicach, Katedra Psychiatrii i Psychoterapii, Klinika Rehabilitacji Psychiatrycznej.
Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu w Katowicach, Katedra Nauk Społecznych i Humanistycznych, Zakład Psychologii.
Psychiatr Pol. 2021 Dec 31;55(6):1357-1372. doi: 10.12740/PP/127499.
Regular exercising has many health benefits and is rightly seen as positive, socially acceptable behavior. However, for the same reason, there is a high risk that patients and clinicians may overlook the danger of exercise addiction that causes harm in the somatic, emotional and interpersonal spheres. The current state of knowledge did not allow the inclusion of exercise addiction as a specific category in the current classifications ICD-10, ICD-11 and DSM-5. However, this disorder meets the general criteria for addiction and is therefore included in the canon of behavioral addiction. The purpose of the article is to present knowledge that will help in recognizing and understanding the physiological and psychological mechanisms associated with addiction to physical exercise and will introduce available methods of psychotherapy. The article is of areview nature and presents terminology, recognition criteria, epidemiological data, mechanisms of developing addiction, the most popular tools helpful in screening diagnosis or self-diagnosis and risk factors of developing exercise addiction. The authors also took into account the specific location of exercise addiction in the context of other mental disorders, controversies, inconsistencies in research results, and gaps in scientific data related to the discussed phenomenon. The summary proposes further research development pathways.
定期锻炼有许多健康益处，被视为积极的、社会可接受的行为。然而，由于同样的原因，患者和临床医生可能会忽视锻炼成瘾的危险，这种成瘾会在身体、情感和人际关系等方面造成伤害。目前的知识状况不允许将锻炼成瘾作为一个特定类别纳入现行的 ICD-10、ICD-11 和 DSM-5 分类。然而，这种障碍符合成瘾的一般标准，因此被纳入行为成瘾的范畴。本文的目的是介绍有助于识别和理解与体育锻炼成瘾相关的生理和心理机制的知识，并介绍现有的心理治疗方法。本文是一篇综述，介绍了术语、识别标准、流行病学数据、成瘾发展机制、有助于筛查诊断或自我诊断的最流行工具以及锻炼成瘾的风险因素。作者还考虑了锻炼成瘾在其他精神障碍、争议、研究结果不一致以及与所讨论现象相关的科学数据空白的背景下的具体位置。总结提出了进一步的研究发展途径。
