Effects of a Violence Prevention Education Program Using Empathy (VPEP-E) on Fifth-Grade Students in South Korea.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a violence-prevention education program using empathy (VPEP-E) on elementary school students. This quasi-experimental design examined fifth-grade students' (a) empathy level, (b) perception of violence, and (c) permissive and negligent attitudes toward violence, using a pre- and post-test design. A total of 101 students participated: the experimental group ( = 48) received eight sessions of VPEP-E, whereas the control group ( = 53) received violence prevention education through classroom lectures. Significant differences were observed between the groups' empathy level ( = 6.81,  < .001), perception of violence ( = 2.79,  = .006), and permissive and negligent attitudes toward violence ( = -2.21,  = .030;  = -2.02,  = .046). Thus, a school-based VPEP-E may help elementary school students. Long-term studies evaluating behavioral changes from VPEP-E implementation are needed for establishing the effects on violent behavior.