Cancer Information and Education Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
Biostatistical Consulting Lab, Medical Science Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019027. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2019027. Epub 2019 Jun 16.
Most children and adolescents have low levels of cancer knowledge and awareness, and infrequently engage in preventive behaviors. This study examined the effects of a short classroom-based intervention for cancer prevention on knowledge, attitude toward cancer preventability, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions of fifth-grade elementary school students.
The study was based on a pre-post-follow-up, 2-group, quasi-experimental design. Participants in the intervention group attended two 40-minute sessions on cancer prevention education and watched a music video about cancer prevention, while participants in the control group were only exposed to the music video. Self-reported knowledge, attitude toward cancer preventability, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions were assessed 1 week pre-intervention and post-intervention, as well as 3 months post-intervention.
The 3-month post-intervention results revealed partial effects, indicating that the education intervention improved knowledge and attitudes toward cancer preventability; however, no effects were observed on self-efficacy and behavioral intentions 3 months after the intervention.
Long-term regular booster sessions are required to improve not only social-cognitive factors, but also behavioral intentions, which could result in behavior changes promoting cancer prevention.
大多数儿童和青少年的癌症知识和意识水平较低，很少采取预防行为。本研究旨在检验基于课堂的简短癌症预防干预措施对五年级小学生的知识、对癌症可预防性的态度、自我效能感和行为意向的影响。
本研究基于前后测、2 组准实验设计。干预组的参与者参加了两次 40 分钟的癌症预防教育课程，并观看了有关癌症预防的音乐视频，而对照组的参与者仅观看了音乐视频。在干预前、干预后和干预后 3 个月，通过自我报告评估知识、对癌症可预防性的态度、自我效能感和行为意向。
干预后 3 个月的结果显示出部分效果，表明教育干预提高了知识和对癌症可预防性的态度；然而，干预后 3 个月，自我效能感和行为意向没有变化。
需要长期定期的强化课程，不仅要改善社会认知因素，还要改善行为意向，这可能会导致促进癌症预防的行为改变。
