Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Semin Oncol Nurs. 2022 Apr;38(2):151277. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2022.151277. Epub 2022 Apr 23.
Bone metastases are of high clinical relevance because they are a frequent complication of most types of common cancers, such as breast and prostate. The metastatic process is complex, requiring the completion of several different steps to allow successful dissemination and homing. In addition, preparation of the metastatic niche changes the constant cycle of bone matrix formation and degradation, leading to the clinical phenotypes of lytic and sclerotic lesions. We review our current knowledge on this topic and briefly explain the current treatment landscape of bone metastasis.
These include PubMed, international guidelines, and clinician experience.
Bone metastases remain a clinical challenge that negatively impacts patients prognosis and quality of life. A comprehensive understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms that results in bone metastasis is the basis for successful treatment of affected patients. The disruption of bone matrix metabolism is already recognized as the prerequisite for metastasis formation, but many open questions remain that need to be addressed in future research to establish individually tailored treatment approaches.
Patient-centered therapy of bone metastases requires suitable pharmacological options, and importantly a holistic approach in care delivery across the multidisciplinary team. Nurses provide the cornerstone of the multidisciplinary team and provide the closest and the most frequent contact to the patient and their families to provide timely intervention. Nurses require a basic understanding of the complex physiology of metastasis to inform practice.
骨转移具有重要的临床意义，因为它们是大多数常见癌症（如乳腺癌和前列腺癌）的常见并发症。转移过程复杂，需要完成几个不同的步骤，以允许成功的扩散和归巢。此外，转移灶的准备改变了骨基质形成和降解的恒定循环，导致溶骨性和硬化性病变的临床表型。我们回顾了这一主题的现有知识，并简要解释了骨转移的当前治疗现状。
包括 PubMed、国际指南和临床医生的经验。
骨转移仍然是一个临床挑战，对患者的预后和生活质量产生负面影响。对导致骨转移的复杂分子机制的全面了解是成功治疗受影响患者的基础。破坏骨基质代谢已被认为是转移形成的先决条件，但仍有许多悬而未决的问题需要在未来的研究中解决，以建立个体化的治疗方法。
以患者为中心的骨转移治疗需要合适的药物治疗选择，重要的是，在多学科团队中提供全面的护理方法。护士是多学科团队的基石，与患者及其家属保持最密切和最频繁的联系，以便及时进行干预。护士需要对转移的复杂生理学有基本的了解，以便为实践提供信息。
