El-Sappah Ahmed H, Seif Mohamed M, Abdel-Kader Heba H, Soaud Salma A, Elhamid Mohamed A Abd, Abdelghaffar Ahmed M, El-Sappah Hamza H, Sarwar Huda, Yadav Vivek, Maitra Pulak, Zhao Xianming, Yan Kuan, Li Jia, Abbas Manzar
School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, China.
Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Apr 11;9:818866. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.818866. eCollection 2022.
The toxic waste and pollutants of heavy metals continuously pollute freshwater aquatic reservoirs, which have severe implications on aquatic life and human health. The present work aims to evaluate trace elements (Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, and Pb) along with three sites, Mariout Lake, Abbassa, and River Nile Aswan in Egypt, using Nile tilapia () as bioindicator. The quality assurance, health-risk assessment, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and micronucleus test were performed to investigate the effect of different trace elements on gene level and micronuclei formation. We observed the highest expression of Hsp70 protein band of 70 KD and stress-responsive gene in the liver followed by gills of Nile tilapia caught from Mariout and Abbassa, but the lowest expression was in Nile tilapia caught from Aswan. Obvious micronuclei were observed under the microscope in erythrocytes, and their number was gradually decreased in the following manner: Mariout > Abbassa > Aswan. Noticeably, Cu, Zn, and Mn contents were low. Still, Pb and Cd contents were higher than the toxicity level recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), The World Health Organization (WHO), and the European Commission (EC). These results showed that Hsp70's appearance at the two levels of mRNA and protein is an effective indicator for aquatic pollution besides the aberration at the chromosome level represented in the micronucleus test. Furthermore, these results showed that Nile tilapia of the Aswan region had comparatively low trace elements contamination and were suitable for consumption.
有毒废物和重金属污染物不断污染淡水水体，这对水生生物和人类健康都有严重影响。目前的工作旨在以尼罗罗非鱼（）作为生物指示物，评估埃及的玛丽欧特湖、阿巴萨和阿斯旺尼罗河三个地点的微量元素（锌、锰、铜、镉和铅）。通过进行质量保证、健康风险评估、十二烷基硫酸钠 - 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS - PAGE）、定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和微核试验，来研究不同微量元素对基因水平和微核形成的影响。我们观察到，从玛丽欧特湖和阿巴萨捕获的尼罗罗非鱼肝脏中70KD的热休克蛋白70（Hsp70）蛋白条带和应激反应基因的表达最高，其次是鳃，但从阿斯旺捕获的尼罗罗非鱼中表达最低。在显微镜下观察到红细胞中有明显的微核，其数量按以下方式逐渐减少：玛丽欧特湖＞阿巴萨＞阿斯旺。值得注意的是，铜、锌和锰的含量较低。不过，铅和镉的含量高于联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）、世界卫生组织（WHO）和欧盟委员会（EC）推荐的毒性水平。这些结果表明，Hsp70在mRNA和蛋白质两个水平上的出现是水体污染的有效指标，此外微核试验中染色体水平的畸变也是。此外，这些结果表明阿斯旺地区的尼罗罗非鱼受到的微量元素污染相对较低，适合食用。
