Méndez Xavier, Espada José P, Ortigosa Juan M, García-Fernández José M
Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, Universidad of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2022 Apr 5;13:783943. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.783943. eCollection 2022.
The main objective of this research was to validate the parents' version of the Children's Separation Anxiety Scale (CSAS-P), which assesses separation anxiety symptoms in pre-adolescence, the stage with the highest incidence of anxiety disorder due to separation. In Study 1, 1,089 parents, those children aged between 8 and 11 ( = 9.59, = 1.11), 51.7% girls, were selected by random cluster sampling, who completed the CSAS-P to obtain the factorial structure. Exploratory factor analysis identified four related factors: Worry, Opposition, Calm, and Distress, which explained 42.93% of the variance. In Study 2, 3,801 parents, those children aged between 8 and 11 ( = 9.50, = 1.10), 50.2% girls, completed the CSAS-P, and their children completed the Children's Separation Anxiety Scale (CSAS). The four related-factor model from Study 1 was validated by confirmatory factor analysis. The CSAS-P had adequate internal consistency (α = 0.84), temporal stability ( = 0.72), and invariance across children's age and gender and the parent who completed the scale. Age and gender differences were small: older children scored higher on Worry and younger children on Distress; the girls scored higher on all factors. Small differences were also found depending on the parent who completed the scale without finding a clear pattern. Parents scored significantly lower than the child on all four factors of the scale. The results support the reliability and validity of the CSAS-P, an instrument that complements the child's self-report in the framework of the multi-source assessment.
本研究的主要目的是验证儿童分离焦虑量表家长版（CSAS-P），该量表用于评估青春期前儿童的分离焦虑症状，这一阶段是分离性焦虑障碍发病率最高的时期。在研究1中，通过随机整群抽样选取了1089名家长，他们的孩子年龄在8至11岁之间（平均年龄=9.59，标准差=1.11），其中51.7%为女孩，这些家长完成了CSAS-P以获得其因子结构。探索性因素分析确定了四个相关因素：担忧、抗拒、平静和苦恼，它们解释了42.93%的方差。在研究2中，3801名家长，其孩子年龄在8至11岁之间（平均年龄=9.50，标准差=1.10），50.2%为女孩，完成了CSAS-P，他们的孩子完成了儿童分离焦虑量表（CSAS）。研究1中的四因素相关模型通过验证性因素分析得到了验证。CSAS-P具有足够的内部一致性（α=0.84）、时间稳定性（r=0.72），并且在孩子的年龄、性别以及完成该量表的家长方面具有不变性。年龄和性别差异较小：年龄较大的孩子在担忧方面得分较高，年龄较小的孩子在苦恼方面得分较高；女孩在所有因素上得分都较高。根据完成量表的家长不同也发现了较小差异，但未发现明显模式。家长在量表的所有四个因素上的得分均显著低于孩子。研究结果支持了CSAS-P的可靠性和有效性，该工具在多源评估框架下补充了孩子的自我报告。
