J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2022 Apr 27;260(10):1194-1199. doi: 10.2460/javma.22.01.0005.
To evaluate the sedative effects of IM administration of a high or low dose of dexmedetomidine in combination with midazolam in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).
20 healthy adult budgerigars.
In a prospective, randomized, blinded study, birds were sedated with a high dose (HD; 0.04 mg/kg, IM; n = 10) or low dose (LD; 0.01 mg/kg, IM; 10) of dexmedetomidine in combination with midazolam (3 mg/kg, IM). Twenty minutes later, atipamezole (0.4 mg/kg [HD group] or 0.1 mg/kg [LD group], IM) and flumazenil (0.1 mg/kg, IM) were administered for reversal of sedation.
Times to first effect and to sternal recumbency after administration of the sedatives and times to standing and eating after administration of the antagonists did not differ between groups. Most birds (9/10 in the HD group and 7/10 in the LD group) lost the righting response by 10 minutes after sedative administration, and the peak effect for radiographic positioning was by 15 minutes. Although it was not clinically relevant, most birds showed mild resedation by 60 minutes after administration of the reversal agents. There was no significant cardiorespiratory compromise detected with either protocol.
Dexmedetomidine-midazolam can safely and effectively provide a dose-dependent level of sedation in healthy budgerigars. The HD protocol is recommended for radiographic positioning, as it allows for a more reliable, deeper plane of sedation.
评估在虎皮鹦鹉中联合使用咪达唑仑时 IM 给予高或低剂量右美托咪定的镇静效果。
20 只健康成年虎皮鹦鹉。
在一项前瞻性、随机、盲法研究中，用高剂量（HD；0.04mg/kg，IM；n=10）或低剂量（LD；0.01mg/kg，IM；10）右美托咪定联合咪达唑仑（3mg/kg，IM）对鸟类进行镇静。20 分钟后，给予阿替美唑（HD 组 0.4mg/kg[或 LD 组 0.1mg/kg]，IM）和氟马西尼（0.1mg/kg，IM）逆转镇静作用。
镇静剂给药后首次起效时间和胸骨下卧时间，以及拮抗剂给药后站立和进食时间在各组之间无差异。大多数鸟类（HD 组 9/10 只和 LD 组 7/10 只）在镇静剂给药后 10 分钟丧失翻正反射，影像学定位的峰值效果在 15 分钟。尽管在临床上没有意义，但大多数鸟类在给予逆转剂后 60 分钟出现轻度再镇静。两种方案均未检测到明显的心肺功能受损。
右美托咪定-咪达唑仑可安全有效地为健康虎皮鹦鹉提供剂量依赖性镇静水平。推荐使用 HD 方案进行影像学定位，因为它可以提供更可靠、更深的镇静平面。
