Amor Houda, Hammadeh Mohamad Eid, Mohd Izzaddin, Jankowski Peter Michael
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Andrologia. 2022 Aug;54(7):e14434. doi: 10.1111/and.14434. Epub 2022 Apr 28.
The purposes of the presents study were to investigate the impact of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking on semen parameters and sperm DNA quality, as well as to determine whether tobacco smoking, or alcohol consumption causes more deterioration of sperm quality. Two hundred and eleven semen samples of men were included in this study. Four groups were studied: heavy smokers (N = 48), heavy drinkers (N = 52), non-smokers (n = 70), and non-drinkers (n = 41). Semen parameters were determined according to WHO guidelines, protamine deficiency assessed by chromomycin (CMA3) staining, and sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) evaluated by TUNEL assay. Sperm parameters were significantly higher in non-smokers versus smokers and in non-drinkers versus drinkers (p < 0.005). However, protamine deficiency and sDF were significantly lower in non-smokers versus smokers and in non-drinkers versus drinkers (p < 0.0001). No significant difference in the semen analysis parameters was observed between heavy smokers and heavy drinkers (semen volume: 3.20 ± 1.43 vs. 2.81 ± 1.56 ml, semen count: 65.75 ± 31.32 vs. 53.51 ± 32.67 mill/ml, total motility: 24.27 ± 8.18 vs. 23.75 ± 1.75%, sperm vitality: 36.15 ± 18.57 vs. 34.62 ± 16.65%, functional integrity: 41.56 ± 18.57 vs. 45.96 ± 17.98% and the morphologically normal spermatozoa: 28.77 ± 11.82 vs. 27.06 ± 13.13%, respectively). However, protamine deficiency was significantly higher among drinkers than smokers (37.03 ± 9.75 vs. 33.27 ± 8.56%, p = 0.020). The sDF was also significantly higher among drinkers than smokers (22.37 ± 7.60 vs. 15.55 ± 3.33%, p < 0.0001). Thus, cigarette smoking, and heavy alcohol intake can deteriorate sperm quality. However, alcohol consumption deteriorates sperm maturity and damages DNA integrity at significantly higher rates than cigarette smoking.
本研究的目的是调查饮酒和吸烟对精液参数及精子DNA质量的影响，并确定吸烟或饮酒是否会导致精子质量更严重的恶化。本研究纳入了211名男性的精液样本。研究了四组人群：重度吸烟者（N = 48）、重度饮酒者（N = 52）、不吸烟者（n = 70）和不饮酒者（n = 41）。根据世界卫生组织指南确定精液参数，通过嗜铬霉素（CMA3）染色评估鱼精蛋白缺乏情况，并通过TUNEL分析评估精子DNA碎片化（sDF）。不吸烟者与吸烟者相比以及不饮酒者与饮酒者相比，精子参数显著更高（p < 0.005）。然而，不吸烟者与吸烟者相比以及不饮酒者与饮酒者相比，鱼精蛋白缺乏和sDF显著更低（p < 0.0001）。重度吸烟者和重度饮酒者之间在精液分析参数上未观察到显著差异（精液量：3.20±1.43 vs. 2.81±1.56毫升，精液计数：65.75±31.32 vs. 53.51±32.67百万/毫升，总活力：24.27±8.18 vs. 23.75±1.75%，精子活力：36.15±18.57 vs. 34.62±16.65%，功能完整性：41.56±18.57 vs. 45.96±17.98%，形态正常的精子：28.77±11.82 vs. 27.06±13.13%）。然而，饮酒者中的鱼精蛋白缺乏显著高于吸烟者（37.03±9.75 vs. 33.27±8.56%，p = 0.020）。饮酒者中的sDF也显著高于吸烟者（22.37±7.60 vs. 15.55±3.33%，p < 0.0001）。因此，吸烟和大量饮酒会使精子质量恶化。然而，饮酒导致精子成熟度下降和损害DNA完整性的速率显著高于吸烟。
