Grob J J, Bonerandi J J
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1986;113(9):811-8.
Antiphospholipid antibodies (APAB) were first detected as a result of the disturbances they cause in routine biological tests. These effects include lupus anticoagulant (LA) in APTT test and false serological reactions for syphilis in VDRL test. With more sensitive techniques using purified phospholipid antibodies (ELISA, RIA) antibodies directed specifically against cardiolipidin or other phospholipids can be assayed. Beside being responsible for positivity of the VDRL test in the context of syphilis, APAB (false serological reactions for syphilis, LA, anticardiolipin antibodies) have also been detected in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus-like syndromes, after intake of certain drugs, and, more rarely, in a number of diseases (table I). The specificity of APAB detected in syphilis (antiphosphatidylcholine) is different from that of APAB detected in SLE (antiphosphatidylserine and anticardiolipin). A given APAB can react with several phospholipids, but such crossreactions do not occur haphazardly with all phospholipids. Crossreactions are observed between APAB and polynucleotides on the one hand, and between antinuclear antibodies and phospholipids on the other. This pattern has led to speculate that APAB are directly involved in the pathogenesis of SLE; however since these crossreactions are not extensive, such speculation is controversial. The presence of APAB in the form of LA, false serological reactions for syphilis or anticardiolipin antibodies is associated with a number of problems including recurrent thrombosis, repeated abortions, thrombocytopenia and positive Coombs' tests or, more rarely, pulmonary hypertension, migraine, epilepsy, chorea, and transverse myelitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
抗磷脂抗体（APAB）最初是因其在常规生物学检测中引起的干扰而被发现的。这些影响包括活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）检测中的狼疮抗凝物（LA）以及性病研究实验室（VDRL）检测中梅毒的假血清学反应。使用纯化磷脂抗体的更敏感技术（酶联免疫吸附测定法、放射免疫测定法）可以检测出针对心磷脂或其他磷脂的特异性抗体。除了在梅毒情况下导致VDRL检测呈阳性外，APAB（梅毒假血清学反应、LA、抗心磷脂抗体）还在系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）和狼疮样综合征中被检测到，在服用某些药物后，以及更罕见地在一些疾病中（表I）。梅毒中检测到的APAB（抗磷脂酰胆碱）的特异性与SLE中检测到的APAB（抗磷脂酰丝氨酸和抗心磷脂）不同。一种特定的APAB可以与几种磷脂发生反应，但这种交叉反应并非随意地与所有磷脂发生。一方面，APAB与多核苷酸之间存在交叉反应，另一方面，抗核抗体与磷脂之间也存在交叉反应。这种模式引发了关于APAB直接参与SLE发病机制的推测；然而，由于这些交叉反应并不广泛，这种推测存在争议。以LA、梅毒假血清学反应或抗心磷脂抗体形式存在的APAB与许多问题相关，包括复发性血栓形成、反复流产、血小板减少症和库姆斯试验阳性，或更罕见的肺动脉高压、偏头痛、癫痫、舞蹈病及横贯性脊髓炎。（摘要截选至250词）
