Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Wan Chow Yuk Fan Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice & Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Department of Government and International Studies, Baptist University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Public Health. 2022 Jun;207:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.03.013. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Vaccination is considered to be an important public health strategy for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides subjective evaluations of the vaccine and the health threat, societal factors have been seen as crucial to vaccination decisions. Based on a socioecological perspective, this study examines the role of societal factors in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Hong Kong.
An online survey was fielded between 25 and 28 June 2021, collecting 2753 complete responses. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine how subjective evaluations of the vaccine (summarised by the 5C model - Confidence, Collective responsibility, Constraints, Complacency and Calculation), threat perception, interpersonal influences and institutional trust contribute to explaining three types of decision - acceptant (vaccinated, scheduled or indicated 'Yes'), hesitant (unvaccinated and indicated 'Maybe' on intention) and resistant (unvaccinated and indicated 'No').
A total of 43.2%, 21.7% and 35.1% of respondents were acceptant, hesitant and resistant. Although the 5C model remained useful in explaining vaccination decisions, respondents were heavily influenced by the decisions of their family, although they were less influenced by friends. Second, respondents tended to accept the vaccine when they had a weaker perception that the act is supportive of the government and were less resistant if they had stronger institutional trust.
Under the low-incidence and low-trust environment such as Hong Kong, vaccination decisions are heavily influenced by family's decision and the perception of vaccination as socially and politically desirable. Our findings highlight the importance of a nuanced conception of interpersonal and political influence towards vaccine acceptance/hesitancy.
接种疫苗被认为是控制 COVID-19 大流行的重要公共卫生策略。除了对疫苗和健康威胁的主观评估外，社会因素也被认为是接种决策的关键。基于社会生态学观点，本研究考察了社会因素在香港 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫中的作用。
2021 年 6 月 25 日至 28 日进行了在线调查，共收集了 2753 份完整回复。采用多项逻辑回归分析方法，考察了疫苗的主观评估（用 5C 模型——信心、集体责任、约束、自满和计算进行总结）、威胁感知、人际影响和机构信任如何有助于解释三种决策类型——接受者（已接种、已预约或表示“是”）、犹豫者（未接种并表示“可能”）和抵制者（未接种并表示“否”）。
共有 43.2%、21.7%和 35.1%的受访者为接受者、犹豫者和抵制者。尽管 5C 模型仍然可以用来解释接种决定，但受访者受到家庭决策的影响很大，尽管他们受到朋友的影响较小。其次，当受访者认为接种行为支持政府时，他们更倾向于接受疫苗，而当他们对机构信任度较弱时，他们更不容易抵制疫苗。
在香港等低发病率和低信任度的环境下，接种决策受到家庭决策和接种在社会和政治上被认为是可取的的看法的影响很大。我们的研究结果强调了对人际和政治影响对疫苗接受/犹豫的细致理解的重要性。
