Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Aug 1;306:119368. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119368. Epub 2022 Apr 27.
The rapid expansion of organic rice cultivation areas have been accompanied by increased application of organic fertilizers. The high prevalence of soil antibiotic resistance caused by organic fertilizer application poses a severe threat to the agricultural and soil ecosystems. To date, research efforts and understanding of the effects and mechanism of action of the various organic fertilizers on antibiotic resistance in paddy soils remain poorly investigated. Tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs, including tetB, tetC, tetL, tetZ, tetM, tetO, tetT, and tetX), class 1 integron-integrase gene (intI1) and bacterial communities were characterized using quantitative-PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing, in paddy soils exposed to inorganic fertilizer (NPK), animal-derived organic fertilizer (AOF, composted swine and/or chicken manure), plant-derived organic fertilizer (POF, rapeseed cake and/or astragalus) and commercial organic fertilizer (COF, composted of animal manure mix with crop residues) applications. Compared with NPK, AOF applications significantly increased the relative abundance of TRGs, which was predominantly expressed in the increase of the relative abundance of tetC, tetM, tetO, tetT, and tetX, while POF and COF had no significant effect on the relative abundance of TRGs. Principal coordinate analysis revealed that AOF and POF significantly altered bacterial communities in paddy soils relative to NPK, while COF had no significant change of bacterial communities. Variation partitioning analysis indicated that soil physicochemical properties were the decisive factors for the changes of TRGs in organic paddy fields. Furthermore, redundancy analysis and the Mantel test showed that TRG profiles in AOF applied paddy soils were strongly influenced by electrical conductivity (EC). Total nitrogen (TN) and organic matter (OM) affected the distribution of TRGs in COF and POF applied paddy soils through a different mechanism. This study provides insights into the impacts of different types of organic fertilizer on the profiles of TRGs in paddy soils.
有机水稻种植面积的快速扩大伴随着有机肥的大量施用。有机肥的施用导致土壤中抗生素抗性的高流行，对农业和土壤生态系统构成了严重威胁。迄今为止，关于各种有机肥对稻田土壤抗生素抗性的影响和作用机制的研究工作和认识仍未得到充分研究。采用定量 PCR 和 Illumina MiSeq 测序技术，研究了无机肥（NPK）、动物源有机肥（AOF，堆肥猪粪和/或鸡粪）、植物源有机肥（POF，菜籽饼和/或黄芪）和商品有机肥（COF，动物粪便与农作物秸秆混合堆肥）处理的稻田土壤中四环素抗性基因（TRGs，包括 tetB、tetC、tetL、tetZ、tetM、tetO、tetT 和 tetX）、类 1 整合子整合酶基因（intI1）和细菌群落的特征。与 NPK 相比，AOF 处理显著增加了 TRGs 的相对丰度，主要表现为 tetC、tetM、tetO、tetT 和 tetX 的相对丰度增加，而 POF 和 COF 对 TRGs 的相对丰度没有显著影响。主坐标分析显示，与 NPK 相比，AOF 和 POF 显著改变了稻田土壤中的细菌群落，而 COF 对细菌群落没有显著变化。方差分解分析表明，土壤理化性质是有机稻田 TRGs 变化的决定性因素。此外，冗余分析和 Mantel 检验表明，AOF 处理稻田土壤中的 TRG 图谱受电导率（EC）的强烈影响。总氮（TN）和有机质（OM）通过不同的机制影响 COF 和 POF 处理稻田土壤中 TRGs 的分布。本研究深入了解了不同类型有机肥对稻田土壤中 TRG 谱的影响。
