Department of Biosciences, Integral University, IIRC1, Lucknow, India.
Curr Drug Metab. 2022;23(10):818-826. doi: 10.2174/1389200223666220427101427.
In recent times, nanotechnology has made significant advances in the field of cancer. The majority of chemotherapeutic drugs do not selectively target cancer cells, and they might cause side effects and damage to healthy cells, resulting in a variety of adverse effects. Having a thorough understanding of nanoparticles may improve drug targeting and administration. The nano-engineering of pharmacological and natural compounds can improve the diagnosis and treatment. Polymeric micelles, liposomes, and dendrimers are examples of innovative cancer therapeutic nano-formulations. It has been demonstrated that quantum dots, nano-suspensions, and gold nanoparticles can improve drug delivery. Nanomedicines may be delivered more effectively, focusing on cancerous cells instead of healthy tissues, which minimizes undesirable side effects and drug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. However, limited water solubility, low stability, poor absorption, and quick metabolism limit their therapeutic effectiveness. Nanotechnology has generated unique formulations to optimise the potential use of phytochemicals in anticancer therapy. Nanocomposites can improve phytochemical solubility and bioavailability, extend their half-life in circulation, and even transport phytochemicals to specific locations. The progress in using phytochemical-based nanoparticles in cancer treatment is summarized in this paper.
近年来，纳米技术在癌症领域取得了重大进展。大多数化疗药物不能选择性地针对癌细胞，而且它们可能会对健康细胞造成副作用和损伤，导致各种不良反应。深入了解纳米颗粒可以改善药物靶向和给药。药理学和天然化合物的纳米工程可以改善诊断和治疗。聚合物胶束、脂质体和树枝状大分子是创新的癌症治疗纳米制剂的示例。已经证明，量子点、纳米悬浮液和金纳米粒子可以改善药物传递。纳米药物可以更有效地传递，专注于癌细胞而不是健康组织，从而最大限度地减少不良副作用和对化疗药物的耐药性。然而，有限的水溶性、低稳定性、差的吸收和快速的代谢限制了它们的治疗效果。纳米技术已经产生了独特的配方，可以优化植物化学物质在抗癌治疗中的潜在用途。纳米复合材料可以提高植物化学物质的溶解度和生物利用度，延长它们在循环中的半衰期，甚至将植物化学物质运输到特定位置。本文总结了使用基于植物化学物质的纳米粒子治疗癌症方面的进展。
