SNJBs SSDJ College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Maharashtra, India.
School of Pharmacy Dr.Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Survey No. 124, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India.
Curr Drug Metab. 2022;23(11):869-881. doi: 10.2174/1389200223666220905162245.
Global cancer statistics defines the severity of disease even after significant research worldwide.
Failure of the currently available treatment approaches, including surgery, radiation therapy and traditional chemotherapy.
The aim of this review is to discuss the role of phytochemical based nano-formulations for treatment of cancer.
In the past few decades, phytochemicals have gained popularity for acting as a potential anticancer treatment with low systemic toxicity, especially in terms of cell cycle control and cancer cell killing. Natural resources, with their immense structural variety, serve as a vital source of fresh, therapeutically useful new chemical entities for the treatment of cancer. Vinca alkaloids (VCR), vinblastine, vindesine, vinorelbine, taxanes (PTX), podophyllotoxin and its derivatives (etoposide (ETP), teniposide, camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives (topotecan, irinotecan), anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, as natural products or their derivatives account for half of all anticancer drugs approved worldwide, and they have been developed utilising the knowledge learned from the natural small molecules or macromolecules. Trabectedin, an epothilone derivative, ixabepilone, and temsirolimus, three new anticancer medications launched in 2007, were derived from microbial origins. Current therapy regimens require selective drug targeting to enhance efficacy against cancer cells while normal cells remain unharmed. Modified medications and systems for drug delivery based on nanotechnology are in the process of being explored and launched in the industry for enhanced therapy and management of cancer, along with promising outcomes. Many obstacles related to cancer cell drug delivery can be overcome by using nano-particulate drug carriers, including enhancing the stability and solubility of the drug, prolonging half-lives of the drug in the blood, decreasing side effects to undesired organs, and increasing medication concentration at the desired site. The scientific initiatives and studies concerning the use of nanotechnology for some selective compounds derived from plants are discussed in this review article.
The present review highlights the phytochemical-based nanoformulations and their strategies in the development of novel systems of drug delivery such as nano-liposomes, functionalized nanoparticles (NPs), and polymer nano-conjugates, SNEDDS (Self nano emulsifying drug delivery system) as this review paper depicts, as well as their rewards over conventional systems of drug delivery, as evidenced by improved biological activity depicted in their in vitro and in vivo anticancer assays.
全球癌症统计数据定义了疾病的严重程度，即使在全球范围内进行了大量研究也是如此。
目前可用的治疗方法（包括手术、放射疗法和传统的化疗）均失败。
本综述的目的是讨论基于植物化学物质的纳米制剂在癌症治疗中的作用。
在过去的几十年中，植物化学物质因其作为潜在抗癌治疗药物的作用而受到关注，具有低全身毒性，特别是在细胞周期控制和癌细胞杀伤方面。天然资源具有巨大的结构多样性，是治疗癌症的新型、有治疗作用的新化学实体的重要来源。长春花生物碱（VCR）、长春碱、长春新碱、长春瑞滨、紫杉烷（PTX）、鬼臼毒素及其衍生物（依托泊苷（ETP）、替尼泊苷、喜树碱（CPT）及其衍生物（拓扑替康、伊立替康）、蒽环类抗生素（多柔比星、柔红霉素、表柔比星、伊达比星、阿霉素），作为天然产物或其衍生物，占全球批准的所有抗癌药物的一半，并且利用从天然小分子或大分子中获得的知识进行了开发。依托泊苷衍生物 trabectedin、ixabepilone 和 2007 年推出的三种新的抗癌药物 temsirolimus 均源自微生物。目前的治疗方案需要选择性药物靶向，以提高对癌细胞的疗效，同时使正常细胞不受伤害。基于纳米技术的改良药物和药物输送系统正在行业中进行探索和推出，以增强癌症的治疗和管理，并取得了有希望的结果。使用纳米颗粒药物载体可以克服许多与癌细胞药物输送相关的障碍，包括增强药物的稳定性和溶解度、延长药物在血液中的半衰期、减少对非目标器官的副作用以及增加所需部位的药物浓度。本文讨论了关于使用纳米技术的一些植物源选择性化合物的科学举措和研究。
本综述强调了基于植物化学物质的纳米制剂及其在新型药物输送系统开发中的策略，如纳米脂质体、功能化纳米颗粒（NPs）和聚合物纳米缀合物、自微乳化药物传递系统（SNEDDS），正如本文所述，以及它们相对于传统药物输送系统的优势，正如其在体外和体内抗癌试验中表现出的改善的生物学活性所证明的那样。
