Cheikh Ismail Leila, Osaili Tareq M, Mohamad Maysm N, Al Marzouqi Amina, Habib-Mourad Carla, Abu Jamous Dima O, Ali Habiba I, Al Sabbah Haleama, Hasan Hayder, Hassan Hussein, Stojanovska Lily, Hashim Mona, AlHaway Muna, Qasrawi Radwan, Shaker Obaid Reyad R, Al Daour Rameez, Saleh Sheima T, Al Dhaheri Ayesha S
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 14;9:849314. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.849314. eCollection 2022.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been consistently associated with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and dietary practices. This study aimed to assess the dietary and lifestyle behaviors of adults after COVID-19 vaccine availability and their attitude toward the vaccine in selected Arab countries.
A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted between October 2021 and December 2021 using Google Forms ( = 2259). A multi-component questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine, and behavioral, dietary, and lifestyle responses after easing the restriction. Participants were given a score based on the sum of positive dietary and lifestyle changes. The generalized linear models were used to identify the association between positive dietary and lifestyle changes score and sociodemographic characteristics.
Weight gain during the pandemic was reported by 39.5% of the participants, 36.1% reported ever getting infected with the COVID-19 virus, and 85% received at least one dose of the vaccine. The key adverse reactions of the COVID-19 vaccine were fatigue, headache, and joint pain, and the main reason for vaccination was protection against infection. Most participants were concerned about the vaccine side effects (45.8%) and inadequate testing (50.7%). After easing of restriction, 54.3% of the participants reduced the frequency of disinfecting objects, and 58.3% joined social events. Most dietary and lifestyle behaviors remained unchanged after vaccine availability but there was an increase in the time spent behind the screen for work (50.1%) and entertainment (42.9%). The results of the multivariate regression analyses revealed that older participants ( = 0.001), those with higher education ( = 0.010), and those working from home ( = 0.040) were more likely to have higher positive dietary and lifestyle changes scores.
Although most participants were concerned about vaccine safety, low vaccine hesitancy rates were observed among the study sample. The availability of the COVID-19 vaccines resulted in loosening some of the safety social measures among Arab adults but the negative impact of the pandemic on dietary and lifestyle behaviors remained unaltered.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行一直与不健康的生活方式行为和饮食习惯有关。本研究旨在评估COVID-19疫苗可用后选定阿拉伯国家成年人的饮食和生活方式行为及其对疫苗的态度。
2021年10月至2021年12月期间，使用谷歌表单开展了一项基于横断面调查的研究（n = 2259）。采用多成分问卷收集社会人口学特征、对COVID-19疫苗的态度以及限制放宽后的行为、饮食和生活方式反应。根据积极的饮食和生活方式变化总和为参与者打分。采用广义线性模型确定积极的饮食和生活方式变化得分与社会人口学特征之间的关联。
39.5%的参与者报告在大流行期间体重增加，36.1%报告曾感染COVID-19病毒，85%接种了至少一剂疫苗。COVID-19疫苗的主要不良反应是疲劳、头痛和关节疼痛，接种疫苗的主要原因是预防感染。大多数参与者担心疫苗副作用（45.8%）和检测不足（50.7%）。限制放宽后，54.3%的参与者减少了对物体进行消毒的频率，58.3%的参与者参加了社交活动。疫苗可用后，大多数饮食和生活方式行为保持不变，但用于工作（50.1%）和娱乐（42.9%）的屏幕前时间有所增加。多变量回归分析结果显示，年龄较大的参与者（P = 0.001）、受过高等教育的参与者（P = 0.010）以及在家工作的参与者（P = 0.040）更有可能获得较高的积极饮食和生活方式变化得分。
尽管大多数参与者担心疫苗安全性，但研究样本中的疫苗犹豫率较低。COVID-19疫苗的可用导致阿拉伯成年人中一些安全社交措施有所放松，但大流行对饮食和生活方式行为的负面影响仍然未变。
