Wu Hongke, Wang Ming, McDonald Alicia C
Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Robbins Building E240-C, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2025 Jul 2. doi: 10.1007/s10552-025-02015-1.
Prostatic chronic inflammation has been found to be associated with prostate cancer risk. Caffeine intake has shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. The relationship between caffeine and prostatic inflammation remains not known. We examined whether dietary intake and urinary concentration of caffeine and its metabolites are associated with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, a surrogate marker of prostatic inflammation, among prostate cancer-free men.
Cancer-free men, aged ≥ 40 years, with dietary caffeine intake and serum PSA results were identified from the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Elevated serum PSA was based on age- and race-specific definitions. Weighted logistic regression analysis with survey sample weights was used to examine the association between dietary intake and urinary concentration of caffeine and its metabolites and elevated serum PSA.
There were 5,456 men included. Approximately 6.4% of them had an elevated serum PSA. Men with an elevated serum PSA (geometric mean: 63.4 mg) had statistically significantly lower dietary caffeine intake compared to men with a normal serum PSA (geometric mean: 80.9 mg) (p value < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, dietary caffeine intake and urinary caffeine and its metabolites concentrations were not statistically significantly associated with elevated serum PSA.
Men with elevated serum PSA had lower dietary caffeine intake compared to men with a normal serum PSA. However, dietary caffeine intake and urinary caffeine concentration were not associated with elevated serum PSA, after adjusting for confounders. Prospective studies that investigate relationships among caffeine intake and prostatic inflammation are warranted.
前列腺慢性炎症已被发现与前列腺癌风险相关。咖啡因摄入已显示出具有抗炎特性。咖啡因与前列腺炎症之间的关系尚不清楚。我们研究了在无前列腺癌男性中，咖啡因及其代谢物的膳食摄入量和尿液浓度是否与血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）水平相关，血清PSA水平是前列腺炎症的替代标志物。
从2001 - 2010年国家健康与营养检查调查中确定年龄≥40岁、有膳食咖啡因摄入量和血清PSA结果的无癌男性。血清PSA升高是基于年龄和种族特异性定义。使用带有调查样本权重的加权逻辑回归分析来研究咖啡因及其代谢物的膳食摄入量和尿液浓度与血清PSA升高之间的关联。
共纳入5456名男性。其中约6.4%的人血清PSA升高。血清PSA升高的男性（几何均值：63.4毫克）的膳食咖啡因摄入量在统计学上显著低于血清PSA正常的男性（几何均值：80.9毫克）（p值<0.01）。在调整混杂因素后，膳食咖啡因摄入量以及尿液中咖啡因及其代谢物浓度与血清PSA升高在统计学上无显著关联。
与血清PSA正常的男性相比，血清PSA升高的男性膳食咖啡因摄入量较低。然而，在调整混杂因素后，膳食咖啡因摄入量和尿液咖啡因浓度与血清PSA升高无关。有必要进行前瞻性研究来探究咖啡因摄入与前列腺炎症之间的关系。
