Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita, Agustono Bodhi, Arif Mohammad Anam Al, Maslachah Lilik, Chandra Evania Haris, Yulianto Andreas Berny
Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia.
Division of Veterinary Basic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2022 Mar;15(3):694-700. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.694-700. Epub 2022 Mar 24.
Antibiotics have been used as growth promoters in poultry. However, continuous and long-term antibiotics can cause resistance, suppress the immune system, and accumulate toxic residue. To overcome these problems, feed additives that are safe for livestock and health for humans are needed, including probiotics. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the effect of probiotics (, , , and spp.) and extract on performance (body weight gain, body weight, feed intake, feed efficiency, and feed conversion ratio [FCR]), carcass yield (carcass weight and percentage of carcass) and mortality of Peking duck.
This study used 48 Peking ducks, divided into four treatments and six replications. Each replication consisted of two ducks. The treatments were as follows: T0=control, T1=4 mL containing 1.2×10 CFU/mL of probiotic in drinking water, T2=4 mL containing . extract in drinking water, and T3=2 mL containing 1.2×10 CFU/mL of probiotic in drinking water+2 mL containing . extract in drinking water. The probiotics consist of . , . , . , and spp. The data were statistically analyzed through analysis of variance. For the follow-up test, a multiple range test was conducted.
There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between body weight, feed intake, and mortality treatments. By contrast, control and treatment showed a significant difference (p<0.05) on feed efficiency, FCR, body weight gain, carcass weight, and percentage of carcass weight. Results of body weight gain statistics showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between T0 and T1, but T0 and T1 showed a significant difference with T2 and T3. The results of the feed efficiency statistic showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between T0, T1, and T2, but there was a significant difference between T0, T1, and T3. Feed efficiency at T2 showed no significant difference with T3, T1, and T0. The results of the FCR statistic showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between T0, T1, and T2, but there was a significant difference between T0, T1, and T3. FCR at T2 showed no significant difference with T3, T1, and T0. The carcass weight statistic showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between T0, T1, and T3, but there was a significant difference between T0 and T2. T2 showed no significant difference with T1 and T3. The carcass percentage statistic showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between T0 and T1, but T0 and T1 showed a significant difference (p<0.05) with T2 and T3.
Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the use of a combination of probiotics (. , . , . , and spp.) and . extract can increase the production performance of Peking ducks and is safe for ducks' health.
抗生素一直被用作家禽的生长促进剂。然而，持续和长期使用抗生素会导致耐药性、抑制免疫系统并积累有毒残留物。为克服这些问题，需要对家畜安全且对人类健康有益的饲料添加剂，包括益生菌。因此，本研究旨在确定益生菌（、、、和种）和提取物对北京鸭生长性能（体重增加、体重、采食量、饲料效率和饲料转化率[FCR]）、胴体产量（胴体重和胴体百分比）及死亡率的影响。
本研究使用48只北京鸭，分为四个处理组，每组六个重复。每个重复包含两只鸭子。处理如下：T0=对照组，T1=饮水中含有4 mL 1.2×10 CFU/mL益生菌，T2=饮水中含有4 mL提取物，T3=饮水中含有2 mL 1.2×10 CFU/mL益生菌 + 2 mL提取物。益生菌由、、、和种组成。数据通过方差分析进行统计分析。后续检验采用多重范围检验。
各处理组在体重、采食量和死亡率方面无显著差异（p>0.05）。相比之下，对照组和处理组在饲料效率、FCR、体重增加、胴体重和胴体重量百分比方面存在显著差异（p<0.05）。体重增加统计结果显示，T0和T1之间无显著差异（p>0.05），但T0和T1与T2和T3之间存在显著差异。饲料效率统计结果显示，T0、T1和T2之间无显著差异（p>0.05），但T0、T1和T3之间存在显著差异。T2的饲料效率与T3、T1和T0无显著差异。FCR统计结果显示，T0、T1和T2之间无显著差异（p>0.05），但T0、T1和T3之间存在显著差异。T2的FCR与T3、T1和T0无显著差异。胴体重统计结果显示，T0、T1和T3之间无显著差异（p>0.05），但T0和T2之间存在显著差异。T2与T1和T3无显著差异。胴体百分比统计结果显示，T0和T1之间无显著差异（p>0.05），但T0和T1与T2和T3之间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
基于研究结果，可以得出结论，益生菌（、、、和种）和提取物的组合使用可以提高北京鸭的生产性能，并且对鸭的健康是安全的。
