Lopez-Santamarina Aroa, Gonzalez Esther Gonzalez, Lamas Alexandre, Mondragon Alicia Del Carmen, Regal Patricia, Miranda Jose Manuel
Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Foods. 2021 Mar 25;10(4):701. doi: 10.3390/foods10040701.
Allergies are an increasing global public health concern, especially for children and people living in urban environments. Allergies impair the quality of life of those who suffer from them, and for this reason, alternatives for the treatment of allergic diseases or reduction in their symptoms are being sought. The main objective of this study was to compile the studies carried out on probiotics as a possible therapy for allergies. The most studied allergies on which probiotics have been shown to have a beneficial effect are rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Most studies have studied the administration of and spp. in children and have shown beneficial effects, such as a reduction in hyperreactivity and inflammation caused by allergens and a decrease in cytokine release, among other beneficial effects. In the case of children, no clear beneficial effects were found in several studies, and the potential risk from the use of some opportunistic bacteria, such as probiotics, seems controversial. In the studies that reported beneficial results, these effects were found to make allergy symptoms less aggressive, thus reducing morbidity in allergy sufferers. The different effects of the same probiotic bacteria on different patients seem to reinforce the idea that the efficacy of probiotics is dependent on the microbial species or strain, its derived metabolites and byproducts, and the gut microbiota eubiosis of the patient. This study is relevant in the context of allergic diseases, as it provides a broader understanding of new alternatives for the treatment of allergies, both in children, who are the main sufferers, and adults, showing that probiotics, in some cases, reduce the symptoms and severity of such diseases.
过敏是一个日益引起全球公共卫生关注的问题，尤其是对儿童和生活在城市环境中的人而言。过敏会损害患者的生活质量，因此，人们正在寻找治疗过敏性疾病或减轻其症状的替代方法。本研究的主要目的是汇总关于益生菌作为一种可能的过敏治疗方法的研究。益生菌已被证明对其有有益作用的研究最多的过敏症是鼻炎、哮喘和特应性皮炎。大多数研究针对儿童进行了 和 属的给药研究，并显示出有益效果，如降低过敏原引起的高反应性和炎症，以及减少细胞因子释放等其他有益效果。在儿童方面，几项研究未发现明显的有益效果，并且使用一些机会性细菌（如益生菌）的潜在风险似乎存在争议。在报告了有益结果的研究中，发现这些效果使过敏症状减轻，从而降低了过敏患者的发病率。同一益生菌对不同患者的不同作用似乎强化了这样一种观点，即益生菌的功效取决于微生物种类或菌株、其衍生代谢产物和副产物，以及患者的肠道微生物群微生态。这项研究在过敏性疾病的背景下具有相关性，因为它为治疗过敏的新替代方法提供了更广泛的理解，无论是对主要受影响的儿童还是成年人，表明在某些情况下，益生菌可减轻此类疾病的症状和严重程度。
