Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 19;13:843891. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843891. eCollection 2022.
Myocarditis is the common cause of sudden cardiac death, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and heart failure (HF) in young adults. The most common type of myocarditis is viral myocarditis (VMC). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are vital to identify pathogens . TLRs promote the differentiation of naive CD4T cells to T helper (Th) cells, activate the immune response, and participate in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and allergic diseases. Although the pathogenesis of VMC is unclear, autoimmune responses have been confirmed to play a significant role; hence, it could be inferred that VMC is closely related to TLRs and Th responses. Some drugs have been found to improve the prognosis of VMC by regulating the immune response through activated TLRs. In this review, we discuss the role of TLRs and Th responses in VMC.
心肌炎是导致年轻人突发心源性死亡、扩张型心肌病（DCM）和心力衰竭（HF）的常见原因。最常见的心肌炎类型是病毒性心肌炎（VMC）。Toll 样受体（TLRs）对于识别病原体至关重要。TLRs 促进初始 CD4+T 细胞向辅助性 T 细胞（Th）的分化，激活免疫反应，并参与自身免疫和过敏疾病的发病机制。尽管 VMC 的发病机制尚不清楚，但已证实自身免疫反应起重要作用；因此，可以推断 VMC 与 TLRs 和 Th 反应密切相关。一些药物已被发现通过激活 TLRs 调节免疫反应来改善 VMC 的预后。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 TLRs 和 Th 反应在 VMC 中的作用。
