Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kanas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-0201, USA.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-0201, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2022 Jun 1;100(6). doi: 10.1093/jas/skac166.
Two experiments were conducted to determine the impact of various combinations of yeast-based direct fed microbials (DFM) in diets fed to nursery pigs weaned from sows fed lactation diets with or without yeast additives. In Exp. 1, 340 weaned pigs, initially 5.1 kg ± 0.02, were used to evaluate previous sow treatment (control vs. yeast additives) and nursery diets with or without added yeast-based DFM on growth performance and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of fecal Escherichia coli. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of sow treatment (control vs. yeast-based pre- and probiotic diet; 0.10% ActiSaf Sc 47 HR+ and 0.025% SafMannan, Phileo by Lesaffre, Milwaukee, WI) and nursery treatment (control vs. yeast-based pre- and probiotic diet; 0.10% ActiSaf Sc 47 HR+, 0.05% SafMannan, and 0.05% NucleoSaf from days 0 to 7, then concentrations were decreased by 50% from days 7 to 24) with 5 pigs per pen and 17 replications per treatment. Progeny from sows fed yeast additives had increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) from days 0 to 24 and days 0 to 45. However, pigs that were fed yeast additives for the first 24 d in the nursery tended to have decreased days 0 to 45 ADG (P = 0.079). Fecal E. coli isolated from pigs from the sows fed yeast group had increased (P = 0.034) resistance to nalidixic acid and a tendency for increased resistance to ciprofloxacin (P = 0.065) and gentamicin (P = 0.054). Yet, when yeast additives were added in the nursery, there was reduced (P < 0.05) fecal E. coli resistance to azithromycin and chloramphenicol. In Exp. 2, 330 weaned pigs, initially 5.8 kg ± 0.03, were used to evaluate diets with two different combinations of DFM on growth performance. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with main effects of sow treatment (same as described in Exp. 1) and nursery treatment (control; YCW, 0.05% of SafMannan from days 0 to 38 and NucleoSaf at 0.05% from days 0 to 10 and 0.025% from days 10 to 24; or DFM, 0.10% MicroSaf-S from days 0 to 38 and NucleoSaf at 0.05% from days 0 to 10 and 0.025% from days 10 to 24) with 6 pigs per pen and 8 to 10 replications per treatment. From days 0 to 10 post-weaning, progeny of sows fed yeast additives had increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F. In conclusion, feeding sows yeast through lactation improved offspring growth performance in the nursery. Although feeding live yeast and yeast extracts reduced nursery pig performance in Exp. 1, feeding DFM improved growth later in the nursery period in Exp. 2.
进行了两项实验，以确定在从哺乳期母猪断奶的仔猪日粮中添加不同组合的酵母源直接饲喂微生物（DFM）对生长性能和粪便大肠杆菌的抗生素耐药性（AMR）模式的影响。母猪处理（对照与酵母添加剂；0.10% ActiSaf Sc 47 HR+和 0.025% SafMannan，Phileo by Lesaffre，密尔沃基，威斯康星州）和保育日粮（对照与酵母源预处理和益生菌日粮；0.10% ActiSaf Sc 47 HR+、0.05% SafMannan 和 0.05% NucleoSaf 从第 0 天到第 7 天，然后从第 7 天到第 24 天浓度降低 50%），每个栏 5 头猪，每个处理 17 个重复。从哺乳期母猪中添加酵母添加剂的后代在第 0 至 24 天和第 0 至 45 天的平均日增重（ADG）增加（P <0.05）。然而，在保育期前 24 天喂食酵母添加剂的仔猪的第 0 至 45 天 ADG 趋于降低（P = 0.079）。从哺乳期母猪中添加酵母添加剂的仔猪的粪便大肠杆菌对萘啶酸的耐药性增加（P = 0.034），对环丙沙星（P = 0.065）和庆大霉素（P = 0.054）的耐药性也有增加的趋势。然而，当在保育期添加酵母添加剂时，粪便大肠杆菌对阿奇霉素和氯霉素的耐药性降低（P <0.05）。在实验 2 中，330 头断奶仔猪，初始体重为 5.8 公斤±0.03，用于评估日粮中两种不同 DFM 组合对生长性能的影响。处理在母猪处理（与实验 1 相同）和保育处理（对照；YCW，0.05% SafMannan 从第 0 天到第 38 天，NucleoSaf 0.05%从第 0 天到第 10 天和第 0.025%从第 10 天到第 24 天；或 DFM，0.10% MicroSaf-S 从第 0 天到第 38 天，NucleoSaf 0.05%从第 0 天到第 10 天和第 0.025%从第 10 天到第 24 天）之间进行了 2×3 因子设计，每个栏 6 头猪，每个处理 8 至 10 个重复。在断奶后第 0 至 10 天，哺乳期母猪添加酵母添加剂的后代 ADG 和 G:F 增加（P <0.05）。总之，哺乳期母猪添加酵母可改善仔猪保育期的生长性能。尽管在实验 1 中添加活酵母和酵母提取物降低了保育猪的性能，但在实验 2 中添加 DFM 改善了保育后期的生长。
