Llorente-Cantarero Francisco Jesus, Aguilera Concepción M, Perez-Navero Juan Luis, Gil Angel, Benitez-Sillero Juan de Dios, Gil-Campos Mercedes
Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 21;9:883871. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.883871. eCollection 2022.
Changes in adipokines have been related with the development of metabolic syndrome, frequently associated with obesity, and other risk factors. Fitness seems to promote a healthy cardiovascular status and could be a protector factor, just from childhood. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between fitness levels with plasma adipokines and inflammatory biomarkers in prepubertal children.
One hundred and thirty-seven healthy normal-weight prepubertal children were recruited from local schools and divided after performing the fitness tests, into two groups according to fitness level-low cardiovascular fitness group (LF) and equal or higher cardiovascular fitness group (HF). Anthropometric variables, blood pressure (BP) and plasma insulin, and leptin, resistin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, hepatic growth factor, interleukin (IL)-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, nerve growth factor (NGF), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured fasting in both groups to be compared. Univariate analysis of variance, comparative analysis, binary logistic regression, stepwise linear regression, and principal component analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between fitness, BMI, gender, and the biochemical parameters.
Girls and boys with HF presented lower waist circumference Z-score, BMI Z-score, systolic BP (only boys) as well as lower levels of leptin and NGF compared with their respective LF group. Regarding the association between variables, fitness showed an inverse relationship with BMI Z-score, leptin, PAI-1, HOMA-IR, resistin, IL-8, and NGF.
An adequate level of fitness seems to protect against risk factors related to low-grade inflammation and altered adipokines that are related to the onset of obesity just from the prepubertal stage.
脂肪因子的变化与代谢综合征的发生有关，代谢综合征常与肥胖及其他危险因素相关。健康的身体状况似乎能促进心血管健康，且可能从儿童时期起就是一种保护因素。因此，本研究旨在评估青春期前儿童的身体状况水平与血浆脂肪因子及炎症生物标志物之间的关系。
从当地学校招募了137名健康的正常体重青春期前儿童，在进行体能测试后，根据身体状况水平分为两组——低心血管健康组（LF）和心血管健康水平相同或更高组（HF）。测量两组儿童的人体测量学变量、血压（BP）以及空腹血浆胰岛素、瘦素、抵抗素、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子-α、肝生长因子、白细胞介素（IL）-8、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、神经生长因子（NGF）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1），并进行比较。采用单因素方差分析、比较分析、二元逻辑回归、逐步线性回归和主成分分析来评估身体状况、BMI、性别与生化参数之间的关联。
与各自的LF组相比，HF组的女孩和男孩腰围Z评分、BMI Z评分、收缩压（仅男孩）以及瘦素和NGF水平较低。关于变量之间的关联，身体状况与BMI Z评分、瘦素、PAI-1、HOMA-IR、抵抗素、IL-8和NGF呈负相关。
从青春期前阶段起，适当的身体状况水平似乎可以预防与低度炎症相关的危险因素以及与肥胖发生相关的脂肪因子改变。
