Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Biobío, Chile.
Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Biobío, Chile.
PeerJ. 2022 May 4;10:e13393. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13393. eCollection 2022.
The red squat lobster is an important fishery resource in the Humboldt Current System (HCS). This decapod is exploited in two fishing units: (a) the northern fishing unit (NFU, from 26°S to 30°S) and (b) the southern fishing unit (SFU, from 32°S to 37°S), each of which have an adjacent nursery area that is the source of recruits to replace the exploited adult populations (in the NFU: off the coast of Coquimbo (28°S) and in the SFU: off the coast of Concepción (36°S)). Marked spatial differences in the environmental conditions of the NFU and SFU, and the biogeographic break that exists between these nursery areas (30°S) may promote changes in the bioenergetic condition of new juveniles. To evaluate this, we analyzed the bioenergetic condition (measured as: body mass, lipids, proteins, glucose, and energy) of new juvenile females in the main nursery areas off the Chilean coast. The juvenile females from the SFU showed a higher body mass than those from the NFU. Consistently, the juvenile females from the SFU had a higher content of lipids, proteins, and glucose than those from the NFU, indicative of higher energy contents and a higher lipid/protein ratio in the south compared to the north. Considering the current overexploitation of this fishery resource in the HCS, it is essential to understand how the bioenergetic condition of juvenile females of may vary in nursery areas at different latitudes in order to generate sustainable fishery management policies with an ecological approach, designed specifically to each fishing unit. Furthermore, identifying the latitudinal variations of these biochemical compounds in juveniles can elucidate the geographic origin of red squat lobsters that present a "better bioenergetic condition" in the HCS, which may significantly benefit sustainable fishing certification processes.
红螯螯虾是洪堡海流系统（HCS）中的一种重要渔业资源。这种十足目甲壳动物在两个捕捞单元中被捕捞：（a）北部捕捞单元（NFU，从 26°S 到 30°S）和（b）南部捕捞单元（SFU，从 32°S 到 37°S），每个捕捞单元都有一个相邻的育苗区，是补充被捕捞成年种群的来源（在 NFU：科金博海岸（28°S）和在 SFU：康塞普西翁海岸（36°S））。NFU 和 SFU 的环境条件存在显著的空间差异，以及这些育苗区之间存在的生物地理断裂（30°S），可能会导致新幼体的生物能量状况发生变化。为了评估这一点，我们分析了智利沿海主要育苗区新幼体雌性的生物能量状况（用体重、脂肪、蛋白质、葡萄糖和能量来衡量）。SFU 的幼体雌性比 NFU 的幼体雌性具有更高的体重。一致地，SFU 的幼体雌性的脂肪、蛋白质和葡萄糖含量高于 NFU 的幼体雌性，表明南部的能量含量更高，脂肪/蛋白质比率也更高。考虑到目前对 HCS 中这种渔业资源的过度捕捞，了解不同纬度育苗区的幼体雌性的生物能量状况如何变化对于制定具有生态方法的可持续渔业管理政策至关重要，这些政策是专为每个捕捞单元设计的。此外，确定幼体中这些生化化合物的纬度变化可以阐明在 HCS 中呈现“更好生物能量状况”的红螯螯虾的地理起源，这可能对可持续捕捞认证过程有显著的益处。
