Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Aug 1;310:304-309. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.012. Epub 2022 May 7.
Depressive symptoms have a series of negative effects and are considered especially severe among nurses, whereas there is a lack of quantitative studies comparing the risk of depressive symptoms between nurses and the general population.
We respectively conducted a nationwide cross-sectional online survey among 17,582 Chinese nurses from July to August 2018, and 101,120 Chinese community residents from January to February 2019. The questionnaire covered social-demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms for both, work-related factors and life-related factors for nurses. Propensity Score Matching was performed to match nurses and residents by gender, age, educational level, marital status, and habitual residence.
Before Propensity Score Matching, the risk of depressive symptoms in nurses was higher than residents (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 2.07-2.26). After matching, there were 15,256 nurses and residents respectively, and the risk in nurses was higher (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 2.02-2.27). Logistic regression showed that longer years of service (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.30-1.83), higher night shift frequency (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.35-1.64), perceived shortage of nurses (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.84-2.13), suffered verbal violence (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.21-2.66) and physical violence (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.64-1.98) were risk factors for depressive symptoms in nurses.
Convenience sampling and online survey were adopted in this cross-sectional study, which may diminish the representativeness of samples.
Compared with the general population, nurses have a higher risk of depressive symptoms in China. Reasonable work allocation, adequate staffing, scientific shift system and violence emergency system should be implemented.
抑郁症状有一系列负面影响，在护士中被认为尤其严重，而关于护士和一般人群之间抑郁症状风险的定量研究却很少。
我们分别于 2018 年 7 月至 8 月期间对 17582 名中国护士和 2019 年 1 月至 2 月期间对 101120 名中国社区居民进行了全国性的横断面在线调查。问卷涵盖了社会人口统计学特征和两者的抑郁症状、护士的工作相关因素和生活相关因素。采用倾向评分匹配法按性别、年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况和常住地对护士和居民进行匹配。
在进行倾向评分匹配之前，护士的抑郁症状风险高于居民（OR，2.16；95%CI，2.07-2.26）。匹配后，分别有 15256 名护士和居民，护士的风险仍然较高（OR，2.14；95%CI，2.02-2.27）。Logistic 回归显示，服务年限较长（OR，1.54；95%CI，1.30-1.83）、夜班频率较高（OR，1.48；95%CI，1.35-1.64）、护士人手不足（OR，1.98；95%CI，1.84-2.13）、遭受言语暴力（OR，2.43；95%CI，2.21-2.66）和身体暴力（OR，1.80；95%CI，1.64-1.98）是护士抑郁症状的危险因素。
本横断面研究采用方便抽样和在线调查，可能降低样本的代表性。
与一般人群相比，中国护士的抑郁症状风险更高。应实施合理的工作分配、充足的人员配置、科学的轮班制度和暴力应急制度。
