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有机-无机杂化纳米复合膜综述：一种克服正向渗透障碍的通用工具。

A review on organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite membranes: a versatile tool to overcome the barriers of forward osmosis.

作者信息

Sun Wanying, Shi Jie, Chen Cheng, Li Nan, Xu Zhiwei, Li Jing, Lv Hanming, Qian Xiaoming, Zhao Lihuan

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin 300387 China

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2018 Mar 12;8(18):10040-10056. doi: 10.1039/c7ra12835e. eCollection 2018 Mar 5.

DOI:10.1039/c7ra12835e
PMID:35540855
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9078724/
Abstract

Forward osmosis (FO) processes have recently attracted increasing attention and show great potential as a low-energy separation technology for water regeneration and seawater desalination. However, a number of challenges, such as internal concentration polarization, membrane fouling, and the trade-off effect, limit the scaleup and industrial practicality of FO. Hence, a versatile method is needed to address these problems and fabricate ideal FO membranes. Among the many methods, incorporating polymeric FO membranes with inorganic nanomaterials is widely used and effective and is reviewed in this paper. The properties of FO membranes can be improved and meet the demands of various applications with the incorporation of nanomaterials. This review presents the actualities and advantages of organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite FO membranes. Nanomaterials applied in the FO field, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, halloysite nanotubes, silica and Ag nanoparticles, are classified and compared in this review. The effects of modification methods on the performance of nanocomposite FO membranes, including blending, interfacial polymerization, surface grafting and layer-by-layer assembly, are also reviewed. The outlook section discusses the prospects of organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite FO membranes and advanced nanotechnologies available for FO processes. This discussion may provide new opportunities for developing novel FO membranes with high performance.

摘要

正向渗透（FO）工艺近来日益受到关注，并作为一种用于水再生和海水淡化的低能耗分离技术展现出巨大潜力。然而，诸如内部浓差极化、膜污染以及权衡效应等诸多挑战限制了FO的放大规模和工业实用性。因此，需要一种通用方法来解决这些问题并制备理想的FO膜。在众多方法中，将聚合物FO膜与无机纳米材料相结合的方法被广泛使用且效果显著，本文将对此进行综述。通过掺入纳米材料，可以改善FO膜的性能并满足各种应用的需求。本综述介绍了有机-无机杂化纳米复合FO膜的现状和优势。本文对应用于FO领域的纳米材料进行了分类和比较，如碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、埃洛石纳米管、二氧化硅和银纳米颗粒。还综述了改性方法对纳米复合FO膜性能的影响，包括共混、界面聚合、表面接枝和层层组装。展望部分讨论了有机-无机杂化纳米复合FO膜的前景以及可用于FO工艺的先进纳米技术。该讨论可能为开发高性能新型FO膜提供新机遇。

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