Knab Katharina, Chambers David, Krönke Gerhard
Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Apr 25;9:862161. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.862161. eCollection 2022.
The synovial tissue is an immunologically challenging environment where, under homeostatic conditions, highly specialized subsets of immune-regulatory macrophages and fibroblasts constantly prevent synovial inflammation in response to cartilage- and synovial fluid-derived danger signals that accumulate in response to mechanical stress. During inflammatory joint diseases, this immune-regulatory environment becomes perturbed and activated synovial fibroblasts and infiltrating immune cells start to contribute to synovial inflammation and joint destruction. This review summarizes our current understanding of the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of resident synovial macrophages and fibroblasts and highlights their crosstalk during joint homeostasis and joint inflammation, which is increasingly appreciated as vital to understand the molecular basis of prevalent inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
滑膜组织是一个具有免疫挑战性的环境，在稳态条件下，免疫调节巨噬细胞和滑膜成纤维细胞的高度特化亚群会不断响应因机械应力而积累的软骨和滑液衍生的危险信号，从而预防滑膜炎症。在炎症性关节疾病期间，这种免疫调节环境会受到干扰，活化的滑膜成纤维细胞和浸润的免疫细胞开始促使滑膜炎症和关节破坏。本综述总结了我们目前对驻留滑膜巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞的表型和分子特征的理解，并强调了它们在关节稳态和关节炎症过程中的相互作用，而这种相互作用对于理解类风湿关节炎等常见炎症性关节疾病的分子基础越来越重要。
