Wang Lin, Liang Yuanyuan
Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Mol Neurosci. 2022 Apr 25;15:865529. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.865529. eCollection 2022.
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA with regulatory activities, which generally regulates the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is thought to be an autoimmune-mediated chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that typically affect young adults. T lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of MS, and studies have suggested that miRNAs are involved in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and functional maintenance of T lymphocytes in MS. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs may lead to the differentiation balance and dysfunction of T lymphocytes, and they are thus involved in the occurrence and development of MS. In addition, some specific miRNAs, such as miR-155 and miR-326, may have potential diagnostic values for MS or be useful for discriminating subtypes of MS. Moreover, miRNAs may be a promising therapeutic strategy for MS by regulating T lymphocyte function. By summarizing the recent literature, we reviewed the involvement of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of MS, the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and disease progression of MS by regulating T lymphocytes, the possibility of differentially expressed miRNAs to function as biomarkers for MS diagnosis, and the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in MS by regulating T lymphocytes.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类具有调控活性的内源性非编码小RNA，通常在转录后水平调控靶基因的表达。多发性硬化症（MS）被认为是一种自身免疫介导的中枢神经系统（CNS）慢性炎性脱髓鞘疾病，典型地影响年轻人。T淋巴细胞在MS的发病机制中起重要作用，并且研究表明miRNA参与调控MS中T淋巴细胞的增殖、分化和功能维持。miRNA表达失调可能导致T淋巴细胞的分化平衡和功能障碍，因此它们参与了MS的发生和发展。此外，一些特定的miRNA，如miR-155和miR-326，可能对MS具有潜在的诊断价值或有助于区分MS的亚型。此外，miRNA可能通过调节T淋巴细胞功能成为MS的一种有前景的治疗策略。通过总结近期文献，我们综述了T淋巴细胞在MS发病机制中的作用、miRNA通过调节T淋巴细胞在MS发病机制和疾病进展中的作用、差异表达的miRNA作为MS诊断生物标志物的可能性以及miRNA通过调节T淋巴细胞在MS中的治疗潜力。
